KERN COMMUNITY COLLEGE DISTRICT – CERRO COSO COLLEGE

ADMJ C145 COURSE OUTLINE OF RECORD

DISCIPLINE AND COURSE NUMBER:

ADMJ C145
COURSE TITLE:

Basic Peace Officer Training Academy
SHORT BANWEB TITLE:
COURSE AUTHOR:

Busby, Steven W.
COURSE SEATS:

-
COURSE TERMS:

30 = Spring
CROSS-LISTED COURSES:
PROPOSAL TYPE:

CC New Course
START TERM:

30 = Spring, 2011
C-ID:
CATALOG COURSE DESCRIPTION:

This course is designed to fulfill the training requirements established by the California Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training (POST) for basic peace officer training.
GRADING METHOD

Default:

S = Standard Letter Grade

Optional:

A = Audit;P = Pass/No Pass
TOTAL UNITS:

20
INSTRUCTIONAL METHODS / UNITS & HOURS:

Lecture

90

Lab

810

Activity

Open Entry/Open Exit

Volunteer Work Experience

Paid Work Experience

Non Standard

Non-Standard Hours Justification:
REPEATABILITY

Type:

Legally Mandated Training

Limit:

Unlimited
MATERIALS FEE:

No
CREDIT BY EXAM:

No
CORE MISSION APPLICABILITY:

Career Technical Education (CTE)
STAND-ALONE:

Yes
PROGRAM APPLICABILITY

Required:

Elective:
GENERAL EDUCATION APPLICABILITY

Local:

IGETC:

CSU:

UC Transfer Course:

CSU Transfer Course:
STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES—Upon completion of the course, the student will be able to
1. See attached file under outcomes.
REQUISITES

Limitation on Enrollment (e.g. Performance tryout or audition):

Prospective students will need to go through the selection process given by the course certification holder, the Kern County Sheriff's Dpeartment.
DETAILED TOPICAL OUTLINE:
Lecture:
SEE ATTACHED DOCUMENT: DETAILED TOPICAL OUTLINE

I. Learning Domain #1 – Leadership, Professionalism and Ethics (1-15)
1. Peace officers are expected to be leaders in the community, in their agencies, and among peers. To be effective, officers must understand the components of leadership, their responsibility to lead, and the impact of their leadership.
  1. Why leadership is important
    1. To the officer
    2. To the agency
    3. To the community
    4. To the profession
  2. Leadership
    1. Definition
    2. Core competencies, skills and traits
  3. Universal components of leadership
    1. Authority
    2. Power
  4. The officer as a leader
    1. Peer leadership
(i)                   Modeling

(ii)                 Taking charge

(iii)                Intervening

(iv)               Sharing knowledge and experiences

(v)                 Expecting change
1. Leadership in the community/Community policing
2. Leadership within the profession
3. The leader as a follower
  1. Separation of ego from power and authority
  2. Responsibility to the agency
  3. How leadership impacts the daily work of a peace officer and how officers can recognize the results
    1. Improved communication, problem solving and decision making
    2. Positive leadership vs. absence of leadership
4. Peace officers are empowered and entrusted by the community with a broad range of power, authority and discretion to maintain safety and order. Professional and ethical standards are the means by which peace officers maintain the public trust. To be effective, a peace officer must make a life-long commitment to these standards.
  1. Relationship between public trust and a peace officer’s ability to perform their job
    1. Foundation of the peace officer’s authority and power
  2. Community, agency, and other peace officers’ expectations of a peace officer’s conduct
    1. Community expectations
    2. Agency expectations
    3. Peer expectations
    4. Officer’s expectations
    5. Expectation common to all
  3. Benefits of professional and ethical behavior to the community, agency and peace officer
    1. Benefits to the officer
    2. Benefits to the agency
    3. Benefits to the community
  4. Consequences of unprofessional/unethical conduct to the community, agency, and peace officer
    1. For the officer
    2. For the agency
    3. For the community
  5. Law Enforcement Code of Ethics, and explain the importance of adhering to the Law Enforcement Code of Ethics
    1. Law Enforcement Code of Ethics
    2. Importance of adherence
    3. California’s Code of Conduct
  6. Officer should respond to a coworker’s unprofessional or unethical conduct, including the legal basis for such interventions
    1. Legal basis for intervention
(i)                   PC147, 149 and 673

(ii)                 PC661

(iii)                Federal laws
1. Ethical obligation to intervene
(i) Protect the image of the profession, agency and officers

(a) Public expectations
1. Situations when it is necessary to intervene on another peace officer’s behalf and factors that can inhibit intervention
  1. Situation requiring intervention
  2. Factors that can inhibit intervention
  3. Types and levels of intervention used to prevent another peace officer’s inappropriate behavior
    1. Advance
    2. Immediate
(i)                   Verbal

(ii)                 Physical

(a)           Touching

(b)           Stepping in

(c)           Restraining
1. Delayed
(i)                   Discussion/Admonishment

(ii)                 Referral/Training

(iii)                Reporting
1. Examples of ethical decision making strategies
  1. Decision making strategies
  2. Common steps
  3. Value of ethical decision making in leadership
    1. Ethical leadership and competent decision making leads to appropriate solutions
    2. Learning Domain #2 – Criminal Justice System (16-24)
      1. To be effective leaders, peace officers must be aware of the constitutional rights of all individuals within the United States, regardless of citizenship status, and the role of the criminal justice system has in protecting those rights.
        
        Freedoms and rights afforded to individuals under the U.S. Constitution, the Bill of Rights, and later amendments
        
        U.S. Constitution
        
        Bill of Rights
        
        Later Amendments
  4. How the U.S. Constitution amendments apply to the actions and conduct of peace officers
    1. First Amendment
    2. Fourth Amendment
    3. Fifth Amendment
    4. Sixth Amendment
    5. Eighth Amendment
    6. Fourteenth Amendment
  5. Components and primary goals of the criminal justice system
    1. Law enforcement and its goals
    2. Judicial system and its goals
    3. Corrections systems and its goals
2. Peace officers must realize that law enforcement is not solely the function of police and sheriff agencies. There are many other federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies that are part of the criminal justice system.
  1. Primary federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies within the criminal justice system
    1. Federal agencies
(i)                   U.S. Department of Homeland Security

(ii)                 Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)

(iii)                Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA)

(iv)               U.S. Marshal Service

(v)                 Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS)

(vi)               Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms Division (ATF)

(vii)              Secret Service

(viii)            U.S. Postal Service (USPS)

(ix)               Armed Forces Police
1. State agencies
(i)                   Youth and Adult Correctional Agency

(ii)                 California Highway Patrol (CHP)

(iii)                Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control (ABC)

(iv)               Department of Fish and Game (F&G)

(v)                 Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (DOF)

(vi)               Department of Justice (DOJ)

(vii)              Department of Insurance (DOI)

(viii)            Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV)

(ix)               Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR)

(x)                 Franchise Tax Board (FTB)

(xi)               Office of State Fire Marshal (SFM)

(xii)              University/College Police Departments

(xiii)            Department of Health Services (CDHS)
1. Local agencies
(i)                   Airport police

(ii)                 County marshals

(iii)                Housing police

(iv)               Municipal police

(v)                 School district police

(vi)               Sheriffs’ departments

(vii)              Transportation police

(viii)            Port Authority police
1. Peace officers must understand the judicial component of the criminal justice system because much of their work results in cases that go to court
  1. Objectives of the Judicial component of the criminal justice system
    1. Providing due process of the law
    2. Rendering fair judgments
    3. Dispensing just punishments
    4. Assuring victim’s rights
  2. Organization of the California court system, including positions commonly recognized as part of the judicial system
    1. State Supreme Court
    2. Lower Courts
(i) Trial Courts
1. Higher Courts
(i) Appellate Courts
1. Positions in the judicial component
(i)                   Judges

(ii)                 Prosecuting Attorneys

(iii)                Defense Attorneys
1. Judicial process in criminal cases
  1. Arrest
  2. Arraignment
  3. Right to Bail
  4. Bail
  5. Preliminary Hearing
  6. Indictment
  7. Trial
  8. Sentencing
  9. Grand Jury
2. Peace officers should recognize that the California Youth and Adult Correctional Agency (YACA) is a component of the criminal justice system. Officers must also be familiar with the differences between parole and probation conditions, and their role in the enforcement of those conditions.
  1. Objectives and responsibilities of the correction’s component of the criminal justice system
    1. Confining prisoners
    2. Rehabilitating prisoners
    3. Supervising parolees and probationers in the community
    4. Assuring victim’s rights
  2. Definitions of parole and probation
    1. Definition of parole
    2. Definition of probation
  3. Discuss the differences between:
    1. Parole
    2. Probation
      1. Learning Domain #3 – Policing in the Community (25-75)
3. Peace officers need to know that their role in the community is to work in partnership with community members to resolve or reduce problems for the benefit of those who live and work there.
  1. Define community policing
  2. Essential components of community policing, including:
    1. Problem solving
    2. Addressing quality of life issues
    3. Partnerships with the community
    4. Partnerships with other agencies
    5. Internal and external resources
  3. Community policing goals, including:
    1. Reducing/preventing crime
    2. Reducing the fear of crime
    3. Improving the quality of life
    4. Increasing community:
(i)                   Awareness

(ii)                 Involvement

(iii)                Ownership
1. Increasing local government involvement in problem solving
2. Community policing philosophy
3. History of policing models, including:
  1. Traditional
  2. Professional
  3. Community
  4. Peace officer responsibilities in the community, including:
    1. Maintaining order
    2. Enforcing the law
    3. Preventing crime
    4. Delivering service
    5. Educating and learning from the community
    6. Working with the community to solve problems
  5. Proactive and reactive policing
    1. Proactive approach
    2. Reactive approach
  6. Community expectations of peace officers
  7. Peace officers’ responsibilities to enforce the law, including:
    1. Adhering to all levels of the law
    2. Fair and impartial enforcement
    3. Knowing the patrol beat or area of responsibility
  8. Elements of area/beat knowledge, including:
    1. Critical Sites
    2. Locations requiring special attention, i.e. hot spots
    3. Potentially dangerous areas
  9. Current and emerging issues that can impact the delivery of services by peace officers
    1. Changing community demographics
    2. Economic shifts
    3. Advanced technologies
    4. Jail overcrowding
    5. Cultural diversity
    6. Continuous law changes
    7. Homeland Security
  10. Components that comprise communities
  11. Opportunities where peace officers educate and learn from community members
    1. Informal opportunities
    2. Formal opportunities
  12. Resources which provide opportunities to educate and learn from the community, including:
    1. Community forums
    2. Community advisory groups
  13. Peace officer’s role in influencing community attitudes
  14. Government expectations of law enforcement and peace officers
4. Peace officers need to understand that community partnerships provide opportunities to effect greater change than could be accomplished by any one group alone.
  1. Community partnerships
    1. Definition
    2. Examples
    3. Developing trust
  2. Key elements for developing trust between community partners, including:
    1. Truth
    2. Respect
    3. Understanding
    4. Support
    5. Teamwork
  3. Relationship of ethics to the badge of office
    1. Standard of ethical conduct
    2. Symbol of public trust
  4. Essential partnering skills, including:
    1. Leadership
    2. Communication
    3. Facilitation
    4. Community mobilization
  5. Leadership skills in community policing
    1. Ethical leadership skills examples
  6. Define communication
    1. Definition
    2. Essential elements
  7. Components of a message in communications with others, including:
    1. Content (words)
    2. Voice characteristics
    3. Nonverbal signals
  8. Potential effects of negative nonverbal signals
    1. Making a poor impression
    2. Contradicting what an officer is saying verbally
    3. Potentially escalating situations
  9. Examples of effective communication techniques for:
    1. Active listening
    2. Establishing effective lines of communication
    3. Overcoming barriers to communication
  10. Communication techniques that can be used for obtaining voluntary compliance
  11. Define facilitation
  12. Components of the facilitation process, including:
    1. Being familiar with the issues
    2. Establishing meeting guidelines
    3. Stating meeting purpose, scope, and need
    4. Stating and clarify objectives
    5. Prioritizing competing problems and issues
    6. Identifying potential solutions
  13. Facilitation techniques reflecting professional behavior, including:
    1. Maintaining the focus on the issues and stimulating discussion
    2. Displaying interest in the issues
    3. Leading the group toward problem resolution
    4. Helping participants learn from the problem solving experience
    5. Dealing calmly and respectfully with unexpected incidents
    6. Maintaining objectivity
  14. Examples of obstacles that officers may encounter when developing community partnerships
    1. Internal
    2. External
    3. Not enough time for problem solving
    4. Stereotypes
    5. “Us versus Them” mentality
  15. Community mobilization
    1. Definition
  16. Process of the community mobilization process
    1. Getting people involved
    2. Identifying community resources (skills)
    3. Calling for action
    4. Educating the public
    5. Taking responsibilities for public safety and quality of life
    6. Sustaining effort
  17. Community mobilization
    1. Internet
    2. Flyers
    3. Meetings
    4. Email alerts
    5. Events
    6. The media
    7. Others
  18. Benefits of maintaining a positive relationship with the news media
    1. Aiding in crime prevention efforts/programs
    2. Aiding in investigations of missing persons
    3. Assisting in the apprehension of a suspects, e.g. Amber Alert
    4. Warning the public of potential danger, e.g. traffic issues
    5. Influencing public opinion
    6. Aiding recruitment efforts
    7. Promoting a positive image of law enforcement
    8. Improving communication between the department and the community
  19. Components of a community inventory, including:
    1. Partners
    2. Stakeholders
    3. Community collaboration
  20. Homeland security
    1. Definition
  21. Benefits of integrating community mobilization and homeland security
    1. Improved communication
    2. Coordination of information flow
    3. Identification of potential terrorists
    4. Identification of potential terrorist targets
    5. Preventing or preempting terrorist acts
    6. Responding to terrorist acts
    7. Apprehending those who commit terrorist acts
    8. Information sharing
    9. Intelligence sharing
5. Peace officers need to recognize that effective problem solving is a process that identifies and addresses the underlying conditions of crime and disorder in the community
  1. Define the term “problem”
    1. Definition
    2. examples
  2. Elements of the crime triangle, including:
    1. Victim
    2. Offender
    3. Location
  3. Broken Windows Theory
    1. Definition
    2. examples
  4. Problem solving
    1. Definition
    2. Examples
  5. Problem oriented policing (POP) and community policing (CP)
    1. Focus of problem oriented policing (POP)
    2. Focus of community policing (CP)
  6. Steps of the SARA model
    1. Scanning – Identifying the problem(s)
    2. Analysis – Collecting and examining information
    3. Response – Developing and implementing solutions based on analysis
    4. Assessment – Evaluating the effectiveness of the strategy selected
  7. SARA Model
    1. Specific
    2. Measurable
    3. Attainable
    4. Realistic
    5. Timely
    6. Sustainable
  8. Crime prevention
    1. definition
  9. Crime prevention strategies
    1. Anticipating criminal activity
    2. Recognizing crime risks
    3. Identifying crime problems
    4. Taking specific actions to remove or reduce the opportunity for criminal activity
  10. Examples of crime risk factors
    1. Commercial establishments
    2. Residences
    3. Vehicles and vessels
    4. Individuals
  11. Methods for recognizing crime problems
    1. Exchanging information with officers on other shifts
    2. Exchanging information with officers from other departments
    3. Using crime analysis information
    4. Interacting with members of the community
  12. Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED)
    1. Definition
  13. Principles of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED)
    1. Natural surveillance
    2. Access control
    3. Territorial reinforcements
    4. Image
  14. Crime prevention programs within the community
    1. Community “watch” and “alert” programs
    2. Operation Identification (property identification)
    3. Child identification and fingerprinting
    4. Drug and alcohol prevention education
    5. Family violence prevention
    6. Gang awareness prevention
    7. High tech crime programs
(i) Internet safety for adult and children
1. Hate crime prevention
2. Safe schools planning and development
3. Elder abuse prevention and senior safety
4. Others
  1. Learning Domain #4 – Victimology/Crisis Intervention (76-83)
5. To deal effectively and considerately with victims, and assure their rights, peace officers need to understand the psychological trauma experienced by victims, and how to defuse crisis situations brought on by this stress.
  1. Direct and indirect victims of a crime
    1. Direct victims
    2. Indirect victims
  2. Emotional and physical reactions or behaviors that may be exhibited by victims in crisis
    1. Typical victim thoughts
    2. Emotional reactions
    3. Physical reactions
    4. Extreme or incongruent response
  3. Techniques officers can use to help defuse a crisis situation for a victim of crime
    1. Acknowledge the victim’s ordeal
    2. Reassure the victim of safety
    3. Be an active listener
    4. Ask diversionary reality questions
    5. Ask questions that pose simple choices
    6. Use an appropriate tone of voice
    7. Apply positive non-verbal communication techniques
    8. Explain procedures and follow-up actions
6. Peace officers must be able to provide victims with meaningful information that will assist them in coping with a crisis situation, and facilitate their participation in the investigative and legal process.
  1. Five phases of a victim contact and identify appropriate officer actions during each phase
    1. Crisis
    2. Urgency
    3. Affirmation
    4. Confirmation
    5. Validation
  2. Guidelines for interviewing a victim
    1. Victim interview guidelines
    2. “You-We-I interview techniques
    3. Death notification guidelines
  3. Information law enforcement agencies are required, by law, to provide to victims of criminal acts
    1. Local victim assistance centers
    2. The Victims of Crimes Compensation Program
  4. Qualifications for compensation under the Victims of Crime Compensation Program
    1. Injuries
    2. Crimes
    3. Crimes involving vehicles
    4. Examples of qualified parties
  5. Legal and procedural information available to the victim
    1. Access to reports
    2. Legal considerations and restrictions
    3. Case follow-up procedures
    4. Making promises
    5. Written information
      1. Learning Domain #5 - Introduction to Criminal Law (84-87)
7. Peace officers must know the origins of current law to know the role of law enforcement today
  1. Identify the relationship among:
    1. Constitutional law
    2. Statutory law
    3. Case law
  2. Letter of the law and the Spirit of the law
    1. Literal meaning vs. intent of the legislature
  3. Criminal and civil law
    1. Definition
    2. Violation terminology
    3. Prosecutor
    4. Purpose
  4. Statutory definition of a crime
    1. Definition
    2. Examples
  5. Basic elements common to all crimes
    1. Commission of prohibited act
    2. Omission of required act
    3. Intent
  6. Basic elements required of an attempt to commit a crime
    1. Definition
    2. Examples
  7. General, specific and transferred intent crimes
    1. Definitions
    2. Examples
  8. Differentiate between criminal intent and criminal negligence
    1. Definitions
    2. Examples
  9. Three classes of crime
    1. Felony
    2. Misdemeanor
    3. Infraction
  10. Three parties to a crime:
    1. Principals
    2. Accessories
    3. Accomplices
  11. People legally incapable of committing a crime
    1. Children under 14
    2. Persons who lack the mental capacity
    3. Ignorance or mistake
    4. Unconscious act
    5. Misfortune or accident
    6. Threat or menace
    7. Defense of others
B.                  Peace officers must know the nuances of the written law to correctly interpret the law

C.                  To enforce the law, peace officers must know what constitutes a crime and the information required to establish that a crime has occurred

D.                  To arrest a subject, peace officers must determine what type of crime has been committed, who was involved in the commission of the crime, and who cannot be criminally liable

VI.          Learning Domain #6 – Property Crimes (88-91)

A.            Arrest and successful prosecution depends on the development of probable cause. Peace officers need to know the elements required to arrest for crimes related to theft, and to correctly categorize these crimes as misdemeanors or felonies.
1. Crime elements required to arrest for:
  1. Theft
  2. Vehicle theft
  3. Defrauding an innkeeper
  4. Burglary
  5. Possession of burglary tools
  6. Possession of or receiving personal property with altered serial numbers or identification marks
  7. Receiving stolen property
  8. Forgery
  9. Crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
2. Arrest and successful prosecution depends on the development of probable cause. Peace officers need to know the elements required to arrest for crimes related to arson, and to correctly categorize these crimes as misdemeanors or felonies.
  1. Crime elements required to arrest for:
    1. Arson
    2. Unlawfully causing a fire
    3. Possession of a flammable or combustible material
  2. Crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
    1. Related Penal Codes
  3. Examples
3. Arrest and successful prosecution depends on the development of probable cause. Peace officers need to know the elements required to arrest for crimes related to trespassing, and to correctly categorize these crimes as misdemeanors or felonies. (LD06.3)
  1. Crime elements required to arrest for:
    1. Unauthorized entry of a dwelling
    2. Trespass
  2. Crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
    1. Related Penal Codes
    2. Examples
4. Arrest and successful prosecution depends on the development of probable cause. Peace officers need to know the elements required to arrest for crimes related to other types of property crimes, and to correctly categorize these crimes as misdemeanors or felonies.
  1. Crime elements required to arrest for:
    1. Vandalism
  2. Crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
    1. Circumstances of the crime
    2. Related Penal Codes
      1. Learning Domain #7 – Crimes Against Persons (92-95)
        
        Arrest and successful prosecution depends on the development of probable cause. Peace officers need to know the elements required to arrest for crimes related to injury, and to correctly categorize these crimes as misdemeanors or felonies.
        
        Crime elements required to arrest for:
    3. Battery
    4. Assault with a deadly weapon or by means of force
    5. Elder or dependent adult abuse
      1. Crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
    6. Circumstances of the crime
    7. Examples
      1. Arrest and successful prosecution depends on the development of probable cause. Peace officers need to know the elements required to arrest for crimes related to kidnapping, and to correctly categorize these crimes as misdemeanors or felonies.
        
        Crime elements required to arrest for:
    8. Kidnapping
    9. False imprisonment
    10. Child abduction without custodial right
    11. Child abduction with custodial right
      1. Crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
    12. Circumstances of the crime
    13. Examples
      1. Arrest and successful prosecution depends on the development of probable cause. Peace officers need to know the elements required to arrest for robbery, and to correctly categorize this crime as a felony.
        
        Crime elements required to arrest for:
    14. Robbery
    15. Carjacking
      1. Crime classification as a felony
    16. Related Penal Codes
    17. Examples
      1. Arrest and successful prosecution depends on the development of probable cause. Peace officers need to know the elements required to arrest for crimes related to homicide, and to correctly categorize these crimes as felonies.
        
        Crime elements required to arrest for murder
    18. Crime elements
    19. Felony murder rule
      1. Crime elements and classification for manslaughter crimes
    20. Voluntary manslaughter
(i) Elements

(ii) Classification(s)
1. Involuntary manslaughter
(i) Elements

(ii) Classification(s)
1. Vehicular manslaughter
(i) Elements

(ii) Classification(s)
1. Learning Domain #8 – General Criminal Statutes (96-97)
  1. Arrest and successful prosecution depends on the development of probable cause. Peace officers need to know the elements required to arrest for crimes related to disorderly conduct, and to correctly categorize these crimes as misdemeanors or felonies.
    1. Crime elements required to arrest for:
    2. Lewd conduct
    3. Prostitution
    4. Loitering about a public toilet
    5. Public intoxication
      1. Crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
    6. Related Penal Codes
    7. Circumstances of the crime
    8. Examples
      1. Arrest and successful prosecution depends on the development of probable cause. Peace officers need to know the elements required to arrest for crimes related to public nuisance, and to correctly categorize these crimes as misdemeanors or felonies.
        
        Crime elements required to arrest for:
    9. Disturbing the peace
    10. Obstruction of a public way
      1. Crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
    11. Related Penal Codes
    12. Examples
      1. Learning Domain #9 – Crimes Against Children (98-101)
        
        To effectively carry out their responsibilities for the protection of children as some of the most vulnerable members of society, peace officers need knowledge of the crimes that may be committed against children. The ability to arrest and successfully prosecute depends on the development of probable cause. Peace officers must know the elements required to prove these crimes and to correctly categorize them misdemeanors or felonies.
        
        Crime elements required to arrest for:
    13. Child harm, injury or endangerment
    14. Physical abuse of a child
    15. Lewd or lascivious acts with a child
    16. Annoying or molesting children
    17. Possession of child pornography
    18. Unlawful sexual intercourse
      1. Crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
    19. Circumstances of the crime
    20. Examples
1. The California Penal Code mandates that certain professional occupations follow specific requirements for reporting suspected child abuse cases to the proper authority. Failure to do so is a crime.
  1. Professional occupations required to report suspected child abuse
  2. Child care custodians (including teachers and peace officers)
  3. Health practitioners (medical and non-medical)
  4. Employees of child protective agencies
  5. Child visitation monitors
  6. Firefighters
  7. Clergy
  8. Animal control officers
  9. Humane society officer
  10. Commercial film processors
  11. Others
    1. Specific law enforcement reporting requirements
    2. Related Penal Codes
    3. Contacting child protective agency
    4. Failure to report suspected child abuse
    5. Immunity from liability
      1. Required documentation when investigating crimes against children
    6. Content of report
(i) Telephone report

(ii) Written report
1. Peace officer's responsibility for maintaining the confidentiality of the reporting party
2. Related Penal Codes
3. Failure to maintain confidentiality
  1. Peace officers have the authority to make warrantless entry into a home whenever they reasonably believe a minor is in immediate danger of being physically abused, neglected or sexually exploited.
    1. Legal basis for entry without a warrant to protect a minor
    2. Conditions restricting entry
    3. Warrantless entry requirements
    4. Exigent circumstances
      1. Exigent circumstances that could lead an officer to reasonably believe that there is an immediate threat to a minor
    5. Examples
      1. Ensuring the safety of a child victim is a peace officer’s primary responsibility when responding to a case of suspected child abuse. To do this effectively, officers must be able to recognize indicators of abuse, conduct a preliminary investigation into abuse, and take the appropriate action
        
        Statutory definition of child abuse
    6. Definition
    7. Examples
    8. Victim age levels
    9. Abusers
      1. Physical and behavioral indicators of:
    10. Physical child abuse
    11. Physical neglect of a child
    12. Emotional child abuse
    13. Sexual child abuse
      1. Effective officer actions for conducting an interview with a child victim of abuse
    14. Temporary protective custody
    15. Victim interviews
    16. Evidence consideration
    17. Forensic medical examination
    18. Arrest of a suspect
      1. Learning Domain #10 – Sex Crimes (102-104)
        
        Arrest and successful prosecution depends on the development of probable cause. Peace officers must know the elements required to arrest for sex crimes, and to correctly categorize these crimes as misdemeanors and felonies.
        
        Crime elements required to arrest for:
        
        Rape
        
        Assault with intent to commit rape and other crimes specified in Penal Code section 220
        
        Indecent exposure
        
        Oral copulation
        
        Penetration with a foreign object
        
        Sodomy
        
        Sexual battery
        
        Crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
        
        Circumstances of the crime
        
        Related Penal Codes
        
        Examples
        
        The manner in which peace officers interact with the victim of a sex crime may influence the quality of information the victim is willing to provide. A positive contact will affect the victim beneficially; a negative contact will adversely impact the victim.
        
        Assessing a victim's physical state in order to make them as comfortable as possible, and secure the necessary medical attention
        
        Asking the victim about medical needs
        
        Medical/legal exam
        
        Common emotional and physical reactions victims experience and the pressures associated with reporting a sex crime
        
        Possible emotional reactions
        
        Possible manifestations of emotional reactions
        
        Peace officer's own emotional and attitudinal reactions to sex crimes
        
        Primary role
        
        Objectivity and emotional control
        
        Objective versus subjective
        
        Empathy versus personalization
        
        Focus beyond the sexual nature of the crime
        
        Non-verbal signs
        
        To complete a thorough investigation, peace officers must be sensitive to the fact that sexual assaults pose unique problems because of the emotional state of the victim, and the complexity of the investigative procedures.
        
        Factors that set a positive tone for the victim interview
        
        Initial contact with the victim
        
        Beginning the interview
        
        Select questions to be asked during the victim interview
        
        Details of the assault
        
        Other questions for the victim
        
        Purpose of a medical/legal exam
        
        Collection, preservation and documentation of evidence
        
        Victim's rights
        
        Counsel and support person
        
        Confidentiality laws
        
        Types of evidence to be collected from the crime scene, victim and suspect
        
        From the scene
        
        Not from the scene
        
        From the victim
        
        Biological
        
        Services available to sexual assault victims
        
        Rape crisis centers
        
        State victim/witness services
        
        Penal Code section 290 is intended to allow law enforcement agencies to track the whereabouts of known sex offenders
        
        Requirements for sex offender registration under Penal Code section 290
        
        Requirements
        
        Examples
        
        Recognize violations of Penal Code section 290
        
        Violations
        
        Examples
        
        Learning Domain #11 – Juvenile Law and Procedures (105-107)
        
        Peace officers roles and responsibilities regarding the protection of rights of juveniles under California law.
        
        Peace officer’s responsibility for the safety of a juvenile and the general public
        
        Conditions when admonishment of a juvenile’s rights is or is not required
        
        Conditions when a peace officer must seek a waiver of a juvenile’s rights
        
        Peace officers must realize when there is an absence of appropriate parental care and control, the state becomes the parent and is responsible for balancing the needs of the juvenile with the protection and safety of the public.
        
        Sources of peace officer authority to take a juvenile into temporary custody
        
        Options available to a peace officer for the disposition of a juvenile case
        
        Conditions under which a juvenile may become a dependent of the court
        
        Situations in which a juvenile can be taken into temporary custody due to habitual disobedience or truancy
        
        Situations in which a juvenile can be taken into temporary custody for violating a law or ordinance
        
        Peace officers must recognize that Welfare and Institutions Codes 206, 207, 207.1 and 208 provide the basis for regulations established for the confinement of juveniles in adult detention facilities.
        
        Guidelines requiring the separation and segregation of dependent minors, status offenders and wards within a facility
        
        Appropriate level of confinement for the purposes of temporary custody
        
        Need for preventing all contact between juveniles and adult prisoners within a facility
        
        Any person who commits an act or fails to perform a duty which then causes a juvenile to become a dependent or ward of the court, or to commit a crime, can be said to be guilty of contributing to the delinquency of a minor.
        
        Crime elements of contributing to the delinquency of a minor
        
        Crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
        
        Learning Domain #12 – Controlled Substances (108-111)
        
        Arrest and successful prosecution depend on the development of probable cause. Peace officers must know the elements required to arrest for violations of controlled substances statutes, and to categorize these crimes as misdemeanors or felonies.
        
        Crime elements required to arrest for:
        
        Possession of a controlled substance
        
        Possession of a controlled substance for sale
        
        Transporting/selling/furnishing, etc. of a controlled substance
        
        Possession of drug paraphernalia
        
        Being present where a controlled substance is used
        
        Being under the influence of a controlled substance
        
        Being under the influence of a controlled substance while in possession of a firearm
        
        Cultivating or harvesting marijuana
        
        Manufacturing a controlled substance
        
        Possession of precursor chemicals for manufacturing
        
        Crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
        
        Peace officers need to know how the body’s various subsystems function and how controlled substances can affect normal behavior, involuntary physical performance, and other reactions. This information assists the officer in determining which controlled substance is influencing a person’s conduct.
        
        Effects of controlled substances on the body
        
        To develop a reasonable belief that a person possesses a controlled substance, peace officers must be able to recognize what drug category the person may be in possession of. This can be determined by its physical characteristics, packaging, and the symptoms of the user.
        
        Classifications of controlled substances that affect the body
        
        Category, common name(s), symptoms, physical properties and packaging of the following controlled substances:
        
        Stimulants
        
        Hallucinogens
        
        Opiates
        
        Marijuana
        
        Alcohol
        
        Depressants
        
        Inhalants
        
        Phencyclidine (PSP)
        
        How the following substances are introduced into the body and general indicators of use:
        
        Stimulants
        
        Hallucinogens
        
        Opiates
        
        Marijuana
        
        Alcohol
        
        Depressants
        
        Inhalants
        
        Phencyclidine (PSP)
        
        Peace officers need to be able to detect the existence of an illegal manufacturing site for controlled substances based on observations, and upon discovery, take the appropriate actions. They need to know how to protect themselves and the public from the potential problems associated with a clandestine laboratory.
        
        Inherent dangers of clandestine laboratories
        
        Characteristics of a clandestine laboratory
        
        Required safety precautions when securing a clandestine laboratory
        
        Learning Domain #13 – ABC Law (112-113)
        
        Arrest and successful prosecution depend on the development of probable cause. Peace officers must know the elements required to arrest for violations of ABC law, and to categorize these crimes as infractions, misdemeanors or felonies.
        
        Crime elements required to arrest ,for the following crimes:
        
        Sales without a license
        
        Unauthorized alcohol on premises
        
        Furnishing alcohol to an obviously intoxicated person
        
        Sale/consumption during restricted hours
        
        Sale to, consumption by, purchase by, or attempting to purchase by a minor
        
        Minor in possession of an alcoholic beverage
        
        Minors consuming /in possession of alcoholic beverages at a social gathering
        
        Minor’s possession/presentation of a false ID
        
        Minor inside public premises
        
        Possession of alcoholic beverages on public school grounds
        
        Furnishing false identification to a minor
        
        Crime classifications as an infraction, misdemeanor or felony
        
        The ABC Act provides a method to abate a number of common problem areas within a community. To effectively enforce ABC law, peace officers must be aware of basic ABC investigative techniques.
        
        Effects of controlled substances on the body
        
        Possible threats to officer safety encountered when investigating ABC violations
        
        Methods for determining if a suspected liquid is an alcoholic beverage
        
        Methods for obtaining evidence to establish proof of an ABC violation
        
        Procedures for establishing the age and identity of a person using legally accepted identification
        
        General information to include in a written report involving a violation of ABC law
        
        Learning Domain #15 – Laws of Arrest (114-119)
        
        Peace officers must have an understanding of the amendments to the U.S. Constitution, and similar sections of the California Constitution that are related to the authority, liability and responsibility they have in making arrests
        
        Peace officer’s role in relation to the protections and rights included in the following amendments to the U.S Constitution and related California Constitution sections
    19. Fourth Amendment
    20. Fifth Amendment
    21. Sixth Amendment
    22. Fourteenth Amendment
      1. Peace officer’s role in relation to the protections included under federal civil rights provisions
    23. U.S. Code, Title 42, Section 1983
    24. U.S. Code, Title 18, Section 241
    25. U.S. Code, Title 18, Section 242
(i) Penal Code Section 422.6(a)
1. Peace officers must recognize that a consensual encounter is a face-to-face contact with a private person, that they cannot exert authority, and the person reasonably believes they can leave or not cooperate at any time
  1. Conduct during a consensual encounter
  2. Gathering information
  3. Interviewing witnesses at the scene of a crime or accident
  4. Conversing casually
  5. Disseminating information
    1. Conduct that may elevate a consensual encounter
    2. Using emergency lights
    3. Placing the peace officer or the officer’s vehicle so as to prevent the person or car from leaving
    4. Issuing orders or commands
    5. Using accusatory questions or tone of voice
    6. Conducting pat-down searches without legal justification
    7. Demanding and/or keeping a person’s identification
      1. Consequences of elevating a consensual encounter
    8. Violation of Fourth Amendment rights
    9. Civil prosecution for violation of civil rights
    10. Criminal prosecution for false imprisonment
    11. Departmental disciplinary action
      1. To execute the appropriate actions, peace officers must recognize that a temporary detention is an assertion of authority that is less than an arrest but more substantial than a consensual encounter
        
        Detention and a consensual encounter
    12. Examples of consensual encounters
    13. Examples of detentions
      1. Reasonable suspicion
    14. Definition
    15. Basis
    16. Contributing factors
      1. Appropriate peace officer actions during a detention
    17. Investigative actions
    18. Length of detention
    19. Transporting a person during detention
    20. Refusal to answer questions
      1. Scope and conditions for warrantless searches and seizures during a detention
    21. Scope
    22. Conditions
    23. Discovery
      1. Conditions where the use of force or physical restraint is appropriate during a detention
    24. Examples
      1. Peace officers must know and comply with the statutory rules of arrest in order to properly exercise their authority and responsibility, and to avoid potential liability when making arrests
  6. Probable cause to arrest
    1. Requirements to establish probable cause
    2. Reasonable suspicion vs. probable cause
  7. Elements of a lawful arrest
    1. Made by a peace officer or private person (PC834)
    2. Arrestee must be taken into custody (PC834)
    3. Restraint of the person, or submission to officer’s authority (PC835)
    4. Reasonable force may be used (PC835a)
  8. Arrest and detention
    1. Taking a person into custody vs. limited scope, assertion of authority
  9. Information that must be given to an arrested person
    1. Intent
    2. Cause
    3. Authority
  10. Elements of a warrantless arrest for a misdemeanor
    1. Probable cause that the misdemeanor happened in the officer’s presence
    2. Misdemeanor was not committed in the officer’s presence, but probable cause exists that the misdemeanor was:
(i)                   Committed by a juvenile

(ii)                 Driving while under the influence

(iii)                Carrying a loaded firearm on an individual’s person or in a vehicle while in any public place or on any public street

(iv)               Violating a domestic protective or restraining order, when the officer was responding to a call alleging same

(v)                 Assault or battery on a spouse, cohabitant, or the parent of his/her child

(vi)               Assault or battery on school property when the school is in session

(vii)              Assault or battery against a working firefighter, emergency medical technician or mobile intensive care paramedic

(viii)            Carrying a concealed firearm at an airport inspection area
1. Time of arrest
2. Elements of a warrantless arrest for a felony
  1. Probable cause exists that the person to be arrested:
(i)                   Committed the felony in the presence of the officer

(ii)                 Committed a felony, though not in the presence of the officer

(iii)                Committed a felony, regardless of whether or not the felony was, in fact, committed
1. Time of arrest
2. Elements of a warrant arrest
  1. Definition
  2. Arrest warrant contents
  3. Pre-complaint warrants
  4. Time of arrest
  5. Requirements for entry to make an arrest
    1. Knock and notice
    2. Exceptions
  6. Authority for a private person arrest and the peace officer’s duty in response to a private person arrest
    1. Conditions
    2. Required actions
    3. Private searches and seizures
    4. Receiving private person arrestees
    5. Disposition
    6. Exemption from prosecution
  7. Conditions under which the use of force or physical restraint is appropriate during an arrest
    1. Penal Code authority
    2. Examples
  8. Statutory requirements for the disposition of an arrested person
    1. Disposition of arrestees
    2. Compliance with warrant
    3. Infractions
    4. Warrantless misdemeanor arrests and release
    5. Exceptions to misdemeanor cite and release
    6. Domestic violence/abuse exceptions
    7. Warrantless arrest releases
    8. Probable cause determination
    9. Phone calls
    10. Visitation privileges
  9. Exception to the powers to arrest
    1. Stale misdemeanor
    2. Statute of limitations
3. When interrogating a suspect who is in custody, peace officers must follow Miranda procedures to ensure that any answers they obtain will be admissible in court
  1. Purpose of the Miranda warning
    1. Protection of Fifth Amendment rights
  2. When Miranda warnings must be given
    1. Requirements
(i) Custody and interrogation
1. Volunteered statements
(i) Examples
1. Privilege against self-incrimination
2. Consequences of not administering Miranda
3. Proper administration of Miranda warnings
  1. Elements of Miranda
  2. The Miranda process
  3. Impact of invoking either the right to remain silent or the right to counsel
    1. Right to remain silent
    2. Right to counsel
  4. Types of Miranda waivers
    1. Express
    2. Implied
    3. Conditional
  5. Exception to the Miranda rule
    1. Public safety exception
    2. Examples
4. To develop admissible evidence while ensuring the constitutional rights of all individuals, peace officers must be aware of and correctly follow standardized practices for conducting crime scene interviews and interrogations.
  1. Interview and interrogation
    1. Interview
    2. Interrogation
  2. Purpose of an interrogation
    1. Obtaining an admission or confession
    2. Identifying individuals involved in a crime
    3. Established a person’s guilt
    4. Corroborating the facts of a crime
    5. Obtaining information that could lead to the recovery of evidence or property
  3. Admission and confession
    1. Definition of an admission
    2. Definition of a confession
  4. Conditions in which a confession or admission may be inadmissible in a court of law
    1. Arrest was the result of an illegal search or seizure
    2. Statement was obtained in violation of any of Miranda’s requirements (when applicable)
    3. Statement was obtained in violation of the charged defendant’s right to be assisted by counsel
    4. Individual was coerced into making involuntary statements
      1. Learning Domain #16 – Search and Seizure (120-124)
5. Peace officers must have a clear understanding of their authority, responsibility, and potential for liability in the areas of search and seizure law, as well as the protections provided by constitutional law, statutory law, and case law against unreasonable searches and seizures.
  1. Constitutional protections guaranteed by the Fourth Amendment
    1. Constitutional protections
    2. Unreasonable searches
    3. Limitation on government’s power
    4. Concept of reasonable expectation of privacy
      1. Expectation of privacy
      2. Related terms
      3. Examples
      4. Standing and how it applies to an expectation of privacy
        
        Concept of standing
        
        Examples
        
        Probable cause to search and its link between Fourth Amendment protections and search and seizure law
        
        Definition
        
        Examples
        
        How the exclusionary rule applies to a peace officer's collection of evidence
        
        Explanation of the exclusionary rule
        
        Origin
6. To search for and seize evidence legally, peace officers must know the rules and requirements for obtaining and executing a search warrant
  1. Probable cause serves as a basis for obtaining a search warrant
    1. Establishes a fair probability that:
(i)                   A crime has been committed

(ii)                 Evidence of the crime exists

(iii)                The evidence sought is located at the place to be searched
1. Appropriate actions for securing an area pending issuance of a search warrant
  1. Probable cause
  2. Exigent circumstances
  3. Time limitations for serving a search warrant
    1. Ten day limit
    2. Failure to make a timely execution
    3. Failure to make a timely return
    4. Time of service
    5. Nighttime service
    6. Elements for compliance with the knock and notice requirements when serving a search warrant
      1. Knock and notice procedure
      2. Wait/refusal requirement
      3. Forcible entry to execute a search warrant
      4. Inner doors
      5. Exceptions to knock and notice
      6. Nexus rule application while conducting an authorized search
        
        Definition
        
        Requirements
        
        Examples
2. Although warrantless searches and seizures are presumptively illegal, when certain conditions are met, officers may lawfully search and seize evidence without a search warrant. For evidence to be admissible at trial, officers must have a clear understanding of the legal requirements for those conditions.
  1. Conditions and circumstances where warrantless searches and seizures are considered reasonable and legal
    1. Fourth Amendment protections
    2. Case law exceptions
    3. Establishing the basis for a warrantless search or seizure
    4. Scope and necessary conditions for conducting the following types of warrantless searches:
      1. Cursory/frisks
      2. Consent searches
      3. Searches pursuant to exigent circumstances
      4. Searches incident to arrest
      5. Probation/parole searches
3. The Fourth Amendment's protection against unreasonable searches and seizures extends to a person's vehicle and property inside the vehicle. However, the courts have created several exceptions to the Fourth Amendment’s warrant requirement because of a motor vehicle’s potential mobility and reduced expectation of privacy
  1. Scope and necessary conditions for conducting the following types of motor vehicle searches:
    1. Probable cause searches
    2. Seizures of items in plain view
    3. Protective searches
    4. Consent searches
    5. Searches incident to custodial arrest
    6. Instrumentality searches
    7. Vehicle inventories
4. Peace officers must recognize when a search or the seizure of evidence involves the intrusion into a subject’s body, special care must be taken to balance the subject’s reasonable expectation of privacy under the Fourth Amendment against the government's need to collect evidence
  1. Legal framework establishing a peace officer's authority to seize physical evidence from a subject's body
    1. With a warrant
    2. Without a warrant
    3. Conditions under which a peace officer may use reasonable force to prevent a subject from swallowing or attempting to swallow evidence
      1. Level of force
      2. Preventing a suspect from swallowing evidence
      3. Swallowed evidence
      4. Examples
      5. Conditions necessary for legally obtaining blood samples
        
        Consent
        
        Implied consent
        
        Incident to arrest
        
        Exigent circumstances
        
        Conditions for legally obtaining non-intrusive bodily evidence:
        
        Fingerprints
        
        Handwriting samples
5. Peace officers must recognize when a search or the seizure of evidence involves the intrusion into a subject’s body, special care must be taken to balance the subject’s reasonable expectation of privacy under the Fourth Amendment against the government's need to collect evidence
  1. Legal framework establishing a peace officer's authority to seize physical evidence from a subject's body
    1. With a warrant
    2. Without a warrant
6. Peace officers must be aware of a person's due process rights that protect against impermissible suggestiveness when conducting any procedure involving subject’s identification
  1. Importance of a peace officer's neutral role during an identification procedure
    1. Undue suggestiveness
    2. Violation of a defendant’s constitutional rights
    3. Officer actions before and during an identification procedure to prevent impermissible law enforcement suggestiveness when conducting a:
      1. Field show-up
      2. Photographic spread
      3. Custodial lineup
      4. Learning Domain #17 – Presentation of Evidence (125)
        
        Peace officers must know the criteria for admitting and excluding evidence to ensure evidence is identified, collected and tracked in a legal manner that will be accepted in court
        
        Reduce violations of constitutional protections
        
        Avoid undue prejudice to the accused
1.                   Circumstances which may cause evidence to be excluded

(i)                   Previous convictions

(ii)                 Previous arrests
1. Prohibit consideration of unreliable evidence such as hearsay and opinion evidence
2. Protect valued interests and relations (e.g., attorney-client, clergy-penitent privilege)
3. All evidence is legally obtained
4. All physical evidence has been properly prepared and safeguarded per recognized chain of custody procedures
5. All available supporting evidence and witness statements are gathered and documented completely
6. Peace officers need to take thorough and reliable witness reports
  1. Requirements and exceptions for admitting hearsay evidence for:
    1. Spontaneous statements
    2. Admissions and confessions
    3. Dying declarations
    4. Records and officer testimony
  2. Peace officer responsibilities regarding pretrial preparation
    1. Reviewing their field notes and all reports related to the case
    2. Meeting with the case prosecutor at a pretrial conference
    3. Complying with the prosecutors’ instructions and recommendations
    4. Obtaining all necessary evidence prior to the trial
  3. Aspects of a case that officers should review prior to giving testimony
    1. Field notes
    2. Investigative reports
    3. Other documentation
  4. Factors related to an officer’s appearance that can influence how an officer’s testimony is received by the court
    1. Dress
    2. Grooming
    3. Demeanor
  5. Appropriate actions for receiving and answering questions as a witness
    1. Guidelines for receiving questions
    2. Guidelines for answering questions
  6. Appropriate responses when an officer who is testifying is unsure of or does not know the answer to a question asked by an attorney
    1. “I don’t know”
    2. “I don’t remember”
    3. “That is all that I can recall”
  7. Appropriate responses when asked to give an opinion while testifying
    1. Base each opinion on known facts
    2. Clearly differentiate between fact and opinion
A.                  Peace officer’s role in ensuring the admissibility of evidence

C.                  For peace officer’s testimony to be given serious consideration by the court, it is essential that officers present themselves as professional, credible and convincing witnesses

XVII.      Learning Domain #18- Investigative Report Writing (126-130)

A.            A peace officer's ability to clearly document the facts and activities of an investigation not only reflects on the officer's own professionalism, but also on the ability of the justice system to prosecute the criminal case
1. Legal basis for requiring investigative reports
  1. How investigative reports are used
  2. Prospective users of investigative reports
  3. Peace officers must recognize that the information gathered during their initial investigation in the field will become the foundation for their investigative reports
    1. Importance of taking notes in preparation for writing reports
      1. Field notes are more reliable than an officer’s memory
      2. Field notes are the primary source of information for the investigative report
      3. Detailed field notes reduce the need to re-contact the involved parties at a later time
      4. Field notes can be used to defend the credibility of an investigative report
  4. Appropriate actions for taking notes during a field interview
    1. Listen attentively
    2. Take notes and ask questions
    3. Verify information
    4. Distinguish between:
      1. Opinion
      2. Fact
      3. Conclusion
      4. Peace officers must recognize in order for an investigative report to be of use in the judicial process, the report must be well organized and include facts needed to establish that a crime has been committed and all actions taken by officers were appropriate
        
        Summarize the primary questions that must be answered by an investigative report
        
        What
        
        When
        
        Where
        
        Who
        
        How
        
        Why
  5. Fundamental content elements in investigative reports, including:
    1. Initial information
    2. Identification of the crime
    3. Identification of the involved parties
    4. Victim/witness statements
    5. Crime scene specifics
    6. Property information
    7. Officer actions
    8. Peace officers must recognize that an effective report must exhibit the writer's command of the language and be relatively free of errors in sentence structure, grammar and other writing mechanics
      1. Guidelines for recommended grammar used in investigative reports, including use of:
        
        Proper nouns
        
        First person pronouns
        
        Third person pronouns
        
        Past tense
        
        Active Tense
  6. Organize information within a paragraph for clarity and proper emphasis
    1. Examples
  7. Select language that will clearly convey information to the reader of the investigative report
    1. Transitional words
    2. Concrete versus abstract words
  8. Distinguish between commonly used words that sound alike but have different meanings
    1. Examples
  9. Proofreading for content and mechanical errors, including:
    1. Spelling
    2. Punctuation
    3. Grammar
    4. Word choice
    5. Syntax
      1. Learning Domain #19 – Vehicle Operations (131-134)
2. Peace officers need to know the importance of defensive driving principles and techniques in order to develop safe driving habits
  1. Safe distance when following another vehicle
    1. Space cushions around the vehicle
    2. Following distance
    3. Focal point
  2. Effect of speed on a driver’s peripheral vision
    1. Peripheral vision
    2. Tunnel vision
  3. How reaction time lapse affects vehicle stopping distance
    1. Perception time
    2. Reaction time
    3. Visual horizon
  4. Potential hazards when entering intersections and appropriate actions to prevent collisions when driving a law enforcement vehicle
    1. Clearing intersections
    2. Fresh green light
    3. Stale green light
    4. Right turns
    5. Left turns
  5. Potential hazards of freeway driving and appropriate actions to prevent collisions
    1. Merging onto freeway
    2. Re-entering freeway after a traffic stop
    3. Driving at high speed for long periods
  6. Potential hazards of operating a vehicle in reverse and appropriate action to prevent collisions
    1. Backing at greater than 10 mph
    2. Backing on roadway
    3. Backing into traffic
  7. Importance and proper use of safety belts and other occupant restraint devices in a law enforcement vehicle
    1. Agency requirements
    2. Legal requirements
    3. Tactical considerations
  8. Physiological and psychological factors that may have an effect on an officer’s driving
    1. Driving skill and vehicular factors
    2. Psychological factors
    3. Physiological factors
  9. Hazards of varied road conditions
    1. Standing water or rain
    2. Loose gravel
    3. Mud
    4. Hills
    5. Construction zones
    6. Potholes
    7. Snow and ice
    8. Fog
    9. Night driving
  10. Requirements for a vehicle inspection
    1. Tires
    2. Vehicle attitude
    3. Under the vehicle
    4. Exterior
    5. Lights
    6. Interior
3. Peace officers must recognize that emergency response (Code 3) driving demands a high level of concentration and instant reactions
  1. Objectives of emergency response driving
    1. Get to the scene of an emergency quickly and safely
    2. Examples of appropriate Code 3 response include:
(i)             Any life threatening emergency

(ii)            Serious crime in progress

(iii)           Officer needs assistance

(iv)          Traffic collision involving major injuries

(v)           Fire

(vi)          Others
1. Statutes governing peace officers when operating law enforcement vehicles in the line of duty
  1. Rules of the road
  2. Liability
  3. Importance of agency-specific policies and guidelines regarding emergency response driving
    1. Policies differ from agency to agency
  4. Statutory responsibilities of non-law enforcement vehicle drivers when driving in the presence of emergency vehicles operated under emergency response conditions
    1. Yield the right-of-way
    2. Immediately pull to the right side of the road
    3. Stop
  5. Use of emergency warning devices available on law enforcement vehicles
    1. Light bar
    2. Wig-wag lights
    3. Siren
  6. Factors that can limit the effectiveness of a vehicle’s emergency warning devices
    1. Heavy Traffic
    2. Fog, rain and snow
    3. Congested urban areas
    4. High speed
    5. Other drivers
  7. Use of communication equipment
    1. Stay calm and speak clearly
    2. Use the radio on straight stretches of road
    3. Roll windows up to reduce outside noise
    4. Do not use the computer while driving
  8. Effects of siren syndrome
    1. Increase in adrenaline flow
    2. Affected judgment
    3. How to mitigate the effects
  9. Guidelines for entering a controlled intersection when driving under emergency response conditions
    1. The approach
    2. Clearing an intersection
2. All officers who operate law enforcement emergency vehicles must recognize that even though the purpose of pursuit driving is the apprehension of a suspect who is using a vehicle to flee, the vehicle pursuit is never more important than the safety of officers and the public
  1. Requirements of penal code section 13519.8
    1. When to initiate a pursuit
    2. The number of involved law enforcement units permitted
    3. Responsibility of primary and secondary units
    4. Driving tactics
    5. Helicopter assistance
    6. Communications
    7. Capture of suspects
    8. Termination of the pursuit
    9. Supervisory responsibilities
    10. Blocking, ramming, boxing and roadblock procedures
    11. Speed limits
    12. Inter-jurisdictional considerations
    13. Conditions of the vehicle, driver, roadway, weather and traffic
    14. Hazards to uninvolved bystanders or motorists
    15. Reporting and post-pursuit analysis
  2. Risk to officer/public safety versus the need to apprehend
    1. Liability
    2. Agency policy
    3. Ramming
    4. Pursuit intervention technique (PIT)
    5. Boxing in
    6. Heading off
    7. Driving alongside
    8. Tire deflation devices
    9. road blocks
  3. Conditions that could lead to the decision to terminate a vehicle pursuit
    1. Threat to public safety outweighs the seriousness of the crime
    2. Pursuit violates agency policy
    3. Clear and unreasonable danger to the officers or the public
    4. Traffic conditions necessitate dangerous maneuvering
    5. No compelling need for immediate apprehension
    6. Supervisor terminates pursuit
    7. Pursuing units lose communication capability
3. Peace officers must be proficient in the operation of the vehicle and the dynamic forces at work. Proper steering control, throttle control, speed judgment, and brake use enhances driving expertise
  1. Longitudinal and lateral weight transfer
    1. Longitudinal weight transfer
    2. Lateral weight transfer
  2. Spring loading
    1. Cause
    2. Correction
  3. Techniques for two-handed shuffle steering
    1. Allows for greater steering control and weight transfer control
  4. Proper throttle control
    1. Affect on weight transfer
  5. Proper roadway position and the three essential reference points for a turning maneuver
    1. Entry
    2. Apex
    3. Exit
  6. Primary effects speed has on a vehicle in a turning maneuver
    1. Turning radius
    2. Traction limits
    3. Weight transfer
  7. Proper braking methods
    1. Threshold braking
    2. Brake fad
  8. Causes of the following types of vehicle skids:
    1. Understeer skid
    2. Oversteer skid
    3. Locked-wheel skid
    4. Acceleration skid
  9. Causes and contributing factors of vehicle hydroplaning
    1. Cause
    2. Correction
    3. Contributing factors
      1. Learning Domain #20 – Use of Force (135-140)
4. Peace officers must recognize that they have the authority to use reasonable force to affect an arrest, to prevent escape, or to overcome resistance as authorized by the California Penal Code. For their safety, and for the safety and well-being of fellow officers, it is critical that peace officers know the laws governing the use of force.
  1. Reasonable force as stated by law
  2. Definition
  3. Penal Code
    1. Components of the Fourth Amendment standard for determining objective reasonableness, as determined by the U.S. Supreme Court
    2. The officer’s perspective
    3. Community policing
    4. The officer’s intent
    5. Additional gauges for reasonableness
    6. Reasonable officer standard
      1. Legal framework establishing a peace officer’s authority during a legal arrest, including:
    7. Subject’s requirement to submit to arrest without resistance
    8. Peace officer’s authority to use reasonable force during a detention or arrest
      1. Circumstances set forth in the California Penal Code when a peace officer has the authority to use force
    9. Penal Code
      1. Level of authority agency policies have regarding the use of force by a peace officer
    10. Limitations are set by agency policy
    11. Peace officers must recognize that they have a range of force option available to them. However, in all cases the use of force must be reasonable compared to the threat, resistance, and other circumstances know to the officer at the time the force was used.
      1. Define the term “force option”
    12. Definition
    13. Examples
      1. Objective of using force is to overcome resistance to gain control of an individual and the situation
    14. Use the type of force which is reasonable under the circumstances
    15. Use only the amount of force reasonable to overcome resistance and to gain or maintain control of a subject
    16. Use only the amount and type of force permitted by agency policy
      1. Force options and the amount of force a peace officer may used based on the subject’s resistance
    17. Subject’s actions
    18. Constant reevaluation
    19. Examples
      1. Importance of training and ongoing practice when responding to potentially dangerous situations that may require the use of force
    20. Safety officer
    21. Reversion to training in dangerous situations
      1. Peace officers must fully comprehend their authority, responsibility and liability regarding the use of deadly force as authorized by law
        
        Legal standard for the use of deadly force
    22. Life-threatening escape
    23. Life-threatening felony
    24. Give warning where reasonable
    25. If necessary to prevent escape
      1. Factors required to establish sufficiency of fear for the use of deadly force
    26. Circumstances must be sufficient to excite the fears of a reasonable person in like circumstances
    27. The person must not act under the influence of fear alone. There has to be some circumstance or overt act apart from the officer’s fear
    28. The decision to use deadly force must be made to save one’s self or another from great bodily injury or death
      1. Facts an officer should consider when determining whether or not to use deadly force
    29. Preparation by training
    30. Judgment
    31. Mental alertness
    32. Emotional maturity
    33. Existing circumstances
    34. Understanding of the law as it relates to:
3.                   Common offensive intervention tactics

(i)                   Agency policies concerning the use, and

(ii)                 Amount of force that is objectively reasonable to achieve the law enforcement mission
1. Role of agency policies regarding the use of deadly force
2. Strictly controlled by agency policy
  1. Law regarding justifiable homicide by a public officer and the circumstances under which the homicide is considered justifiable
  2. Penal Code
  3. Under orders to carry out a death sentence
  4. Acting in the course of duty
  5. Retaking escaping felon
  6. Arresting a felon who resists to the point deadly force becomes reasonable
    1. When a force option has been employed, peace officers’ reports must include the critical information to ensure that the chronology, specifics of the events and the people involved are properly documented
      1. Complete documentation of the use of force is critical to the peace officer and the peace officer’s agency, to include:
    2. Justification for using force
    3. Relevant factors and detail
      1. Peace officers must be ready to and capable of safely taking control of a dangerous situation
        
        Factors that can affect a peace officer’s response when threatened with danger, to include:
    4. Fear
(i) Reasonable

(ii) Unreasonable
1. Anger
2. Indecision and hesitation
  1. Acceptable techniques for managing anger
  2. Depersonalizing what people say or do
  3. Identifying worst-case scenario
  4. Developing problem-solving solutions
    1. Benefits of ongoing physical mental training peace officers involving the use of force
    2. Response versus reaction
    3. Confidence in abilities versus lack of confidence
    4. Correct responses versus incorrect reactions
    5. Mental alertness and concentration versus panic
    6. Control over body and emotions versus loss of control over body and emotions
      1. Peace officers must recognize the consequences of using unreasonable force, and their legal and ethical responsibilities to intervene if the force being used by another peace officer is inappropriate or unlawful
        
        Legal and administrative consequences associated with the use of unreasonable force
    7. Criminal action
    8. Civil rights violation
    9. Compensatory and punitive damages
    10. Administrative or agency action
    11. Moral impact
      1. Agency’s potential liability associated with the use of unreasonable force
    12. Liable under Federal civil rights law
    13. Sued for negligent or inadequate training or failure to supervise adequately
      1. Consequences of an officer’s failure to intervene when unreasonable force is used by another peace officer
    14. Disciplinary action
    15. Civil/criminal action
    16. Loss of career
    17. Increased stress
    18. Embarrassment
      1. Immediate and delayed intervention techniques
    19. Immediate
(i)                   Verbal

(ii)                 Physical/touch

(iii)                Restraint
1. Delayed
(i)                   Discussion

(ii)                 Admonishment

(iii)                Training
1. Factors that may inhibit a peace officer from intervening in a situation where a fellow officer may be applying unreasonable force
2. Personal factors
3. Psychological factors
4. Learning Domain #21 – Patrol Techniques (141-142)
  1. To safely and effectively fulfill their duties of public protection and service, peace officers must be able to develop appropriate law enforcement patrol strategies under a wide variety of circumstances and conditions
    1. Patrol strategies officers may employ to provide protection and service within their assigned areas of patrol, to include:
      1. Preventative
      2. Directed enforcement
  2. Considerations for selecting a patrol strategy
    1. Desire for public visibility
    2. Type of criminal activity in the designated areas
    3. Existence of problem areas
    4. Existing environment or conditions
    5. Area demographics
    6. Community activities
    7. Availability of community resources
    8. Geography/topography
    9. Adequacy of access and egress to various locations
    10. Department/agency policies and resources
  3. Appropriate actions for peace officer who are conducting security checks
    1. Cover as much of their assigned areas as possible including secondary thoroughfares
    2. Pay extra attention to areas that have a high crime risk
    3. Constantly vary patrol patterns and routines to prevent predictability
    4. Employ appropriate investigative tactics and equipment
    5. Implement additional patrol methods whenever possible
  4. Roles and responsibilities of contact and cover officers
    1. Contact officer
    2. Cover Officer(s)
  5. Appropriate actions officers should take to maintain their own safety and the safety of others while on patrol
    1. Approach every contact with officer safety in mind
    2. Be mentally prepared
    3. Maintain physical and tactical skills
    4. Always be aware of the suspect’s hands
    5. Be aware of and use available cover
    6. Ask for backup when necessary
    7. Use available communication systems
    8. Be aware of distance and positioning
    9. Utilize proper safety equipment
5. To maintain flexibility and effectiveness, peace officers need to know the basic tactics and procedures of patrol
  1. Patrol officer responsibilities when preparing for each patrol assignment, to include:
    1. Checking all personal equipment
    2. Acquiring any necessary information and material/supplies
    3. Inspecting each piece of equipment issued at beginning of shift
    4. Mental preparation
  2. Tactical considerations and guidelines for patrolling effectively:
    1. Determining appropriate speed
    2. Patrol vehicle placement
    3. Avoiding silhouetting and telltale noise
  3. Proper procedures for transmitting and receiving a radio communication
    1. Monitor the frequency
    2. Initiate the call
    3. Speak clearly
    4. Limit the length of the transmission
  4. Information an officer should include when generating a crime broadcast
    1. Incident specifics
    2. Victim related information
    3. Suspect related information
    4. Vehicle
    5. Weapon
    6. Description of loss
    7. Law enforcement action to be taken if suspect is located
  5. Safe and effective tactics for approaching and detaining a pedestrian subject
    1. Considerations prior to contact
    2. Officer safety issues
    3. Legal considerations
    4. Checks of persons
    5. Lawful detention
    6. Investigative actions
    7. Length of detention
    8. Consequences of inappropriate detentions
    9. Multiple suspects
    10. Approaching on foot versus from patrol vehicle
    11. Tactical approach and contact
  6. Safe and effective tactics for initiating a foot pursuit of a fleeing subject
    1. Inherent dangers
    2. Safety considerations
    3. Justification
    4. Indications of a plan to flee
    5. Guidelines for foot pursuits
    6. Learning Domain #22 – Vehicle Pullovers (143-146)
      1. Peace officers must recognize the inherent risks involved when conducting a vehicle pullover in order to take the appropriate precautions necessary to ensure their own safety as well as the safety of others.
        
        Three basic categories of vehicle pullovers, to include:
        
        Traffic enforcement pullover
(i)                   Reason to believe the driver has committed a traffic infraction

(ii)                 No objective reason to believe that the vehicle’s occupants represent an unusual risk

(iii)                An expectation that the pullover would result in a citation
1. Investigative pullover
(i)                   An expectation that the pullover involves less risk than a “high-risk” pullover, but more than a traffic enforcement pullover

(ii)                 Reason to believe that one or more of the vehicle’s occupants has engaged, or is about to engage, in criminal activity

(iii)                An expectation that the pullover would involve an investigation that might lead to a custodial arrest for a violation of the Vehicle Code, the Penal Code or other statute
1. High-risk pullover
(i) Reason to believe that one or more of the occupants of the car may be: armed, represent a serious threat to the officer, or have committed a felony

(ii) An expectation that the pullover could result in an arrest
1. Inherent risks to officer safety that are associated with conducting a vehicle pullover
  1. Unpredictable aggressive actions by the violator/suspect or bystanders
  2. Unknown identity of the violator/suspect
  3. Dangerous environmental conditions
  4. Varying road conditions
  5. The existence of other vehicular traffic on the same roadway
  6. Appropriate actions officers can take to maintain their own safety and the safety of others while conducting a vehicle pullover
    1. Developing a plan of action prior to initiating the pullover
    2. Requesting and using backup assistance when necessary
    3. Appropriately using communication/notification resources
    4. Apply safe and sound tactics when:
(i)                   Initiating the pullover

(ii)                 Approaching the vehicle

(iii)                Making contact with the vehicle occupants
1. Peace officers must understand the techniques for conducting tactically sound vehicle pullovers
  1. Safety techniques when initiating a vehicle pullover, including:
    1. Selecting the appropriate location
(i)                   Safety factors (e.g. out flow of traffic)

(ii)                 Visibility to passing traffic

(iii)                Avoidance of potentially hostile environments

(iv)               Lighting/illumination

(v)                 Possible escape routes

(vi)               Availabilities of cover and concealment
1. Communicating with dispatch
2. Getting the attention of the driver of the target vehicle
(i)                   Lights (e.g. emergency lights, headlights, spotlights)

(ii)                 Hand gestures

(iii)                Horn/audible devices

(iv)               Siren

(v)                 Maintaining appropriate distance from target vehicle prior to initiating the pullover
1. Appropriate actions for the safe and tactical placement of the patrol unit
  1. Too far from the target vehicle
  2. Too close to the target vehicle
  3. Type of pullover
  4. Type of vehicle being stopped
  5. Environment/topography
  6. Appropriate procedures for exiting the patrol unit
    1. Complete all radio transmissions
    2. Undo and clear seatbelt
    3. Place the patrol vehicle transmission in park
    4. Set parking brake
    5. Switch on portable radio
    6. Check approaching traffic
    7. Consider lowering front windows
    8. Unlock doors
    9. Quickly exit vehicle
    10. Observe target vehicle
  7. Appropriate safety precautions patrol officers should take when approaching a target vehicle on foot
    1. Stay close to patrol vehicle
    2. Continuously observe the occupants of the target vehicle
    3. Maintain an awareness of surroundings
    4. Keep gun hand free during approach
    5. Use a flashlight sparingly
  8. Advantages and disadvantages of a driver side approach, a passenger side approach and a non-approach to a target vehicle
    1. Driver side approach
(i) Advantage – Direct, quick and provides closer observation of the driver and vehicle identification number (VIN)

(ii) Disadvantage – More vulnerable to kill zone and allows fewer escape routes/minimal cover
1. Passenger side approach
(i) Advantage – Provides element of surprise, allows more options for cover and concealment, ability to adjust and modify position upon approach

(ii) Disadvantage – Pedestrian traffic potential threat, environment may not allow approach and office not able to easily detect objective signs of intoxication
1. Non-approach
(i) Advantage - If driver exits immediately, the officer may remain behind the cover /concealment of the patrol vehicle, allows the officer to direct the driver out, violators action can be constantly monitored, especially hand movements and occupants remain in the officer’s field of vision

(ii) Disadvantage – Exposes the violator to traffic hazards, officer loses containment of occupants, Increases potential assault on the officer, hinders the officer’s ability to observe the interior of the vehicle.
1. Appropriate positioning for patrol officers when making face to face contact with the driver of a target vehicle
  1. Officer should be behind the trailing edge of the driver side/passenger side front door (depending on approach method used)
  2. Assuming such a position:
(i)                   Forces the person to look back toward the officer in a position of disadvantage

(ii)                 Makes it more difficult to point a weapon at the officer

(iii)                Prevents the officer from being knocked down if the door is suddenly opened
1. Pivot to face oncoming traffic while maintaining a position in front of the leading edge of the door
2. Remain behind the trailing edge of the door with their back to approaching traffic
3. Process for conducting a vehicle stop driver contact, to include:
  1. Greeting
  2. Identifying self and department
  3. Requesting driver’s license, registration, proof of insurance
  4. Explaining the reason for the stop
  5. Making a decision to warn, cite or arrest
  6. Closing appropriate to final decision
  7. Demonstrate appropriate procedures and communication techniques for directing the driver and occupants out of a target vehicle
  8. Apply appropriate procedures for checking the validity and authenticity of a driver’s license or other form of personal identification
4. Peace officers must recognize situations involving high levels of risks in order to apply appropriate tactical actions during a vehicle pullover.
  1. Officer safety precautions that should be taken during any high-risk vehicle pullover
    1. Selection of location
    2. Communication with dispatch
    3. Getting driver’s attention
  2. Appropriate actions for cover officers who are called to assist the primary officer during a high- risk vehicle pullover
    1. Protect the primary officer who is conducting the business of the pullover
    2. Place their own patrol vehicles in a proper position to avoid silhouetting other officers with the vehicle’s headlights or other lighting equipment
    3. Take and maintain proper positions of cover and concealment
    4. Maintain their firearms at the ready
    5. Maintain visual contact with the vehicle occupant(s) at all times, and avoid a crossfire situation
  3. Tactics for conducting a safe and effective high-risk vehicle pullover
    1. Develop a plan of action prior to initiating the stop
    2. Initiate the pullover maintaining appropriate distance and using appropriate equipment
    3. Direct the occupant(s) of the vehicle regarding appropriate actions
    4. Order occupant(s) from the target vehicle
    5. Establish physical control of the occupant(s)
    6. Clear the target vehicle of any additional occupants
  4. Officer safety considerations when searching the target vehicle, including:
    1. Use of available cover officer(s)
    2. Types of objects sought and likely locations
    3. Potential hazards (e.g., needles, edged weapons, etc.)
    4. A systematic search process
(i) Interior

(ii) Exterior
1. Peace officers must make appropriate safety and tactical adjustments when conducting pullovers involving vehicles other than passenger cars and pickup trucks.
  1. Appropriate safety and tactical considerations when conducting vehicle pullovers involving:
    1. Vans, campers, and motor-homes
    2. Motorcycles
    3. Busses and semi-trucks
    4. Learning Domain #23 – Crimes in Progress (147-148)
      1. Peace officers must recognize that their first responsibility when responding to a crime in progress is to protect their own safety and that of others.
        
        Importance of wearing soft personal body armor while on patrol
        
        Soft personal body armor (i.e., vests) is the single most effective piece of passive safety equipment that a peace officer can utilize. It can be of greater importance than the officer’s firearm, baton, or any other equipment immediately available to the officer
        
        Officer safety issues
  2. Officer safety and officer survival, including:
    1. Current patterns related to deaths and assaults on peace officers
    2. The concept of “will to survive” involves a mental commitment to never give up
    3. Officer actions after being wounded
    4. Officer as hostage
    5. Officer action in counter-ambush incidents when on foot
    6. Officer actions in counter-ambush incidents when in a patrol vehicle
2. To respond effectively and safely to a crime in progress, patrol officers need to use appropriate strategies and tactics.
  1. Elements of a tactical approach to a crime scene involving a crime in progress, including:
    1. Nature of the crime
    2. Use and non-use of warning lights and siren
    3. Appropriate communication to agency
    4. Uses cover and concealment – upon arrival
  2. Primary purpose for establishing crime scene perimeters
    1. The establishment of a secure perimeter may be essential to safely resolving the crime in progress
  3. Appropriate actions when conducting a search for suspects, including:
    1. Preparing to enter the area to be searched
(i) Make certain a perimeter has been established, contact the owner if applicable, locate suspect’s point of entry/exit, determine the number of searching officers necessary and attempt to contact suspect(s)
1. Contacting owner
(i) The owner/responsible party may be able to provide information regarding interior layout, location of lights, keys to gain access or contents of the area
1. Communicating
(i) Officers should seek as much additional information from dispatch as possible. Responding units should communicate, when appropriate, their routes, and the arrival of other units. Communication with owner or responsible party could also be valuable
1. Using lighting
(i) Make use of any available light. If there is access to the switch, room lights may be turned on when practical. Use flashlights to illuminate areas if room light is inadequate
1. Using canines or special units
(i) All available resources should be considered when planning a search operation
1. Use of cover officers
(i) The cover officer should act as surveillance and protector for searching officers at all times
1. Making a tactical sound entry
(i) Approach the building with care, open the door (entry point) completely and listen prior to entering the area, enter quickly making use of available cover and allowing eyes to adjust to changing light and assess the situation before continuing action
1. Conducting a systematic search
(i) Make use of any available light, visually scan the area in a systematic manner, search each area thoroughly before moving on to the next area, if the structure is a multistory building, confine search to one floor at a time, open doors completely and maintain contact and cover roles throughout the search
1. Confronting a suspect during a search
(i) Communicate effectively, take control of the suspect, secure and search the suspect, question the suspect regarding the existence of any additional suspects and weapons, remove suspect from area and continue the search
1. Using proper arrest techniques
(i) To maximize officer safety during any type of person search, peace officers must select a search and arrest technique and level of control suitable to the situation and conditions
1. Some types of crimes in progress require officers to plan and execute specific arrival, approach, communication, and search tactics. Planning and patience are critical to achieving safe and successful outcomes
  1. Effective officer actions for the safe and tactical response to crimes in progress:
    1. Shots fired calls
(i) Responding officers should approach the call assuming it involves suspects who are armed and dangerous and take all necessary precautions
1. Burglary in progress
(i) Although violence may not be the burglar’s intent, the level of risk could quickly escalate if the suspect is startled or if the situation is not properly handled by the responding officers
1. Robbery in progress
(i) Robbery is a violent crime with an extremely high level of risk to peace officers, victims, and bystanders. Great care must be taken to properly plan and execute a response when a robbery is in progress

XXIII Learning Domain #24 – Handling Disputes/Crowd Control (149-153)
1. When called to handle a dispute, peace officers must be aware of their responsibility to keep the peace in order to prevent a civil matter from escalating into criminal activity that could threaten the safety of officer and the persons involved. Peace Officer Responsibilities:
  1. Responsibilities of peace officers at the scene of a dispute
    1. In all situations involving disputes, the responding officer’s primary responsibility is to keep the peace and restore order
  2. Measures officers should take to protect their own safety and the safety of others when:
    1. Approaching
(i) One of the most critical times for any officer involved in handling a dispute is the arrival and entry to the scene. Officers rarely have the element of surprise. Officers must be conscious of their own safety and the safety of others even before they enter the scene of the dispute
1. Making initial contact
(i)                   Before entering officers should:

(a)                 Be cautious of responses such as “It’s open” or “Come in” given by a person who is not in the officer’s sight. Under such circumstances, officers should request that the individual come to the door

(ii)                 Establish rapport once contact is made by: introducing themselves, explaining the purpose of their presence explaining how the call was received (if appropriate)

(iii)                Watch the hands and demeanor of the person who answers the door for weapons or potential weapons, nervousness, confrontational manner, suspicious behavior

(iv)               Request that dogs be secured before officers enter

(v)                 Be aware that an officer’s vision may be initially impaired when going from the light (outdoors) into a darker area (indoors)

(vi)               Maintain a polite, professional demeanor
1. Once inside a residence or area where a dispute is taking place
(i)                   The following safety guidelines include actions that peace officers should take to protect their own safety and the safety of others, once entry has been gained to the scene of a dispute

(a)                 Assess the existence of current or potential violence

(b)                 Make initial contact with the involved parties

(c)                 Establish and maintain control
1. Intervention techniques that can be used to protect the safety of officers, other person, or property
  1. Before a dispute can be resolved in an orderly manner, officers may be required to intervene in order to ensure the safety of themselves, others, and property. The amount of force officers use will depend on the circumstances of the incident
2. Peace officers must develop appropriate skills for defusing, mediating and resolving disputes in order to protect their safety and the safety of others, as well as prevent the dispute from escalating
  1. Appropriate techniques for defusing a potentially violent dispute
    1. Defusing is a process for reducing the potential for violence and bringing emotional levels to a manageable level to restore order
  2. Appropriate techniques for conducting a brief interview of the parties involved in a dispute
    1. Before any mediation techniques can be applied, officers must first gather information from the involved parties regarding the cause(s) of the problem as well as the nature and scope of the dispute itself
  3. Steps involved in the problem solving process for mediating a dispute
    1. After each party involved in the dispute has been briefly interviewed and the problem has been identified and agreed upon, officers can begin a step-by-step problem solving mediation process
3. Peace officers must be aware of the nature of certain types of disputes, as well as the laws that pertain to each type in order to take the appropriate measures to resolve the dispute
  1. Safety consideration officers should be aware of when responding to a family dispute
    1. Peace officers must regard every family dispute as a potentially explosive and dangerous situation. By the time officers are called, emotions are high and the heat of the disturbance may be at its most dangerous level
  2. Crimes associated with landlord/tenant disputes, including:
    1. Tenant lockout/seizure of property
(i) Occasionally, when a tenant is behind in the rent, the landlord may attempt to jam the entrance or change the lock on the door in order to prevent the tenant’s further use of the dwelling or seize property belonging to the tenant until the rent is paid
1. Vandalism
(i) It is also unlawful for a landlord to remove the doors and/or windows to the tenant’s dwelling or destroy the tenant’s personal property in an effort to harass the tenant
1. Unauthorized entry
(i) If a landlord enters a tenant’s dwelling without prior permission in order to harass the tenant or to “snoop around,” the landlord has committed the crime of unauthorized entry (trespass)
1. Disruption of utility services
(i) Landlords are not allowed to disrupt or disconnect one or more of the tenant’s utilities as a means of forcing the payment of past rent
1. Re-entry following a lawful eviction
(i) Once a lawful eviction has taken place, a tenant cannot lawfully reenter the dwelling from which that person has been evicted
1. Peace officers’ role when called to a dispute involving a repossession
  1. Peace officers normally do not become involved in a lawful repossession process other than to keep the peace and restore order. It is not the responsibility of the officer to interpret a contract or to determine if there has been proper notice and hearing
  2. When possession is complete in the course of a repossession
    1. In order to have complete possession of property, the repossession must have complete dominion and control over the property. This takes place when the possessor has:
(i) Gained entry to the property, or

(ii) When the property (if a vehicle) has been hooked up to a tow truck
1. Peace officers must have a clear understanding of the individual’s rights and protections regarding free speech and assembly, along with the dynamics of the types of crowds that may form for the purpose of exercising those rights
  1. Peace officer responsibilities regarding the protection of an individual’s right to free speech and assembly
    1. It is the responsibility of all law enforcement officers to protect and uphold each individual’s rights to free speech and assembly while also protecting the lives and property of all people
  2. Role of law enforcement regarding crowd control
    1. The main objective of crowd management is to ensure that the event remains lawful while providing for the protection of the First Amendment rights of all people
  3. Psychological factors associated with crowd behavior
    1. A crowd does not suddenly and spontaneously turn into a riot. Crowds develop in phases as people begin to gather. At each phase, the crowd may act differently
(i)                   Group identity

(ii)                 Group cohesiveness

(iii)                Group-induced anonymity

(iv)               Group potentially for violence

(v)                 Group violence
1. Phases of crowd development from the casual gathering through the development of a riot
  1. A crowd does not suddenly and spontaneously turn into a riot. Crowds develop in phases as people begin to gather. At each phase, the crowd may act differently
  2. Three primary roles individuals play within a crowd
    1. Individuals play three primary positions, leaders, aggressors and followers on looking within a crowd
2. Peace officers need to understand the tactical principles involved in the management and control of crowds in order to ensure the protection of the First Amendment rights of the crowd, and the safety of the entire community
  1. Phases of riot development
    1. There are several phases that crowds of individuals must go through before becoming a riot
  2. Primary law enforcement objective of:
    1. Crowd management
(i) Ensure that the event remains lawful while providing for the protection of the First Amendment rights of persons involved
1. Crowd control
(i) Control the situation and prevent violations of the law when there is a potential or imminent threat by violence without infringing on the First Amendment rights of persons involved
1. Riot control objectives and principles
(i) The law enforcement objectives and management principles of riot control is the protection of lives and property, and the restoration of order
1. Common riot control formations used by law enforcement
  1. Selection of an appropriate formation to use in specific situations is typically made by the officer in charge. The nature of the crowd situation may be such that peace officers may have to assume responsibility for team response
(i)                   Skirmish line

(ii)                 Wedge/”V”

(iii)                Diagonal

(iv)               Column

(v)                 Arrest/rescue formation (e.g. circle)

XXIV      Learning Domain #25 – Domestic Violence (154-166)
1. To effectively carry out their responsibilities, peace officers need a basic knowledge of legal definitions, terminology and applicable Penal Code sections as well as an understanding of how to classify the crimes that may lead to arrests
  1. Domestic violence for legal mandates
    1. Domestic violence for legal mandates means abuse committed against an adult or a fully emancipated minor (Penal Code Section 13700) involved in one of the following nine relationships:
(i)                   Spouse

(ii)                 Former spouse

(iii)                Cohabitant

(iv)               Former cohabitant

(v)                 Dating relationship

(vi)               Former dating relationship

(vii)              Engagement relationship

(viii)            Former engagement relationship

(ix)               Person with whom the suspect has had a child

(a)                 Includes same gender relationships
1. Definition of domestic violence for weapons seizure
  1. Penal Code section 12028.5 (F) (3) (b) states: “....any peace officer.....who is at the scene of a domestic violence incident involving a threat to human life or a physical assault, shall take temporary custody of any firearm or other deadly weapon in plain sight or discovered pursuant to a consensual or other lawful search as necessary for the protection of the peace officer or other persons present.”
  2. Crime elements required to arrest a suspect for the following crimes as applied to domestic violence incidents:
    1. Willful infliction of corporal injury
(i) Willful infliction of corporal injury occurs when any person willfully inflicts upon a person who is his or her spouse, former spouse, cohabitant, former cohabitant, or on any person who is the mother or father of his or her child, corporal injury resulting in a traumatic condition

(ii) Willful infliction of corporal injury is covered by Penal Code Section 273.5
1. Criminal threats
(i) Criminal threats occur when a person willfully makes a threat to commit a crime which will result in death or great bodily injury to the intended victim or a member of his or her immediate family with the specific intent that the statement is to be taken as a threat, even if there is no intent to actually carry it out.

(ii) Criminal threats are covered by Penal Code Section 422
1. Stalking
(i) Stalking occurs when any person willfully, maliciously, and repeatedly follows or harasses another person and makes a credible threat with the intent of placing that person in reasonable fear for his or her safety, or that of his or her immediate family

(ii) Stalking is covered by Penal Code Section 646.9
1. Malicious destruction of telephone, telegraph, cable television, or electrical lines
(i) Malicious destruction of telephone, telegraph, cable television, or electrical lines occurs when a person unlawfully and maliciously takes down, removes, injures, severs a wire of, obstructs, or makes an unauthorized connection with a telegraph, telephone, or cable television, or any other line that conducts electricity, including connected equipment

(ii) Malicious destruction of telephone, telegraph, cable television, or electric lines is covered by Penal Code Section 591
1. Preventing or dissuading a witness or a victim from testifying
(i) Preventing or dissuading a witness or victim from testifying is the knowing and malicious act, or attempt, to prevent or dissuade a witness or victim from reporting criminal conduct or participating in legal proceedings resulting from the criminal conduct

(ii) Preventing or dissuading a witness or victim from testifying is covered by Penal Code Section 136.1
1. Battery as applied to domestic violence
(i) Battery as applied to domestic violence occurs when unlawful force or violence is used against a person who is a spouse or former spouse, cohabitant, party with whom the perpetrator has a child in common, a current or former engaged partner, or current or former dating partner

(ii) Battery as applied to domestic violence is covered by Penal Code Section 243(e)(1)
1. Spousal rape
(i) Spousal rape is nonconsensual penile/vaginal intercourse with a person who is the spouse of the perpetrator

(ii) Spousal rape is covered under Penal Code Section 262
1. Crime classification for each crime that may result from a domestic violence incident as a misdemeanor or felony
  1. Willful infliction of corporal injury
(i) The crime of willful infliction of corporal injury is a felony
1. Criminal threats
(i) The crime of making criminal threats is a felony
1. Stalking
(i) The crime of stalking is a felony
1. Malicious destruction of telephone, telegraph, cable television, or electrical lines
(i) The crime of malicious destruction of telephone, telegraph, cable television, or electric lines is a felony
1. Preventing or dissuading a witness or a victim from testifying
(i) The crime of preventing or dissuading a witness or victim is a felony
1. Battery as applied to domestic violence
(i) The crime of battery as applied to domestic violence is a misdemeanor
1. Spousal rape
(i) The crime of spousal rape is a felony
1. Domestic violence causes tremendous harm to victims and society as a whole. Each member in an abusive or violent household suffers physically and/or emotionally, and often violence is spread from one generation to the next. Current law affords peace officers greater opportunity to assist victims, and provides protection and education to help stop the cycle of violence
  1. Common characteristics of a victim and a batterer
    1. Characteristics of a Batterer
(i)                   Uses violence as a tool to feel powerful

(ii)                 May have low self esteem

(iii)                As a child, often witnessed or experienced violence

(iv)               Avoids responsibility for violent behavior by blaming:

(a)                 Children, work, victim or others, drugs or alcohol

(v)                 Often afraid, jealous, and/or obsessed with controlling a partner’s activities

(vi)               May be desperately afraid of living without partner

(vii)              Chooses to use violence or aggression against an intimate in response to conflict

(viii)            May not be violent outside the home

(ix)               May believe the use of violence is appropriate

(x)                 Reluctant to admit extent of violence

(xi)               May express remorse and say or even believe he or she will not repeat the violence

(xii)              Often uses intimidation and threats of reprisal

(xiii)            May be cruel to Animals
1. Characteristics of a victim
(i)                   May have physical injuries including injuries from sexual assault

(ii)                 May have low self esteem

(iii)                Suffers emotional trauma

(iv)               Fears further violence self or family members

(v)                 Has damaged self image, ego, and self respect

(vi)               May feel shame or guilt

(vii)              May believe that he or she is to blame for the violence

(viii)            May suffer Post- Traumatic Stress

(ix)               Disorder, which may include Battered Woman Syndrome

(x)                 May use alcohol or drugs as coping mechanism

(xi)               Is often met by disbelief from friends, relatives, and service agencies

(xii)              May give up hope if no one believes him or her or helps

(xiii)            May ultimately resort to homicide and/or suicide
1. Peace officer’s role in reducing domestic violence
  1. Repeated responses to domestic violence calls at a household where the victim will not leave can be frustrating for peace officers
(i)                   However, it is critical for officers to recognize that simply responding to these calls has an impact on all the individuals in the household. Moreover, arrest is the single most effective deterrent to continued violence, regardless of prosecution. Early and consistent response and proper documentation can also have a positive impact on the peace officers involved by:

(a)                 Increasing the chance of successful prosecution,

(b)                 Decreasing possible repeat calls

(c)                 Providing potential resolution and closure which decreases officer frustration and stress
1. When peace officers respond to a domestic violence call, it is essential that they proceed cautiously to ensure the protection of all people involved
  1. Initial process for responding to a domestic violence call
    1. Domestic violence is a dangerous situation that must be handled with great caution and attention to safety
(i) Historically, domestic violence calls result in more injuries and death to peace officers than any other call for service. Because of the potential for danger, officers must protect the safety of all parties at the scene, including themselves
1. Circumstances an arrest should be made
  1. A felony or misdemeanor has been committed in the officer’s presence
  2. A felony has been committed outside of the officer’s presence
  3. A person has been arrested under a private person’s arrest
  4. A person has been arrested under the authority of Penal Code Section 836(c)(1)and 836(d)
  5. Physical evidence to be collected
    1. Any physical injury and the scene itself (take photos)
    2. The crime scene location (draw maps, diagrams, etc.)
    3. Blood samples
    4. Torn clothing
    5. Hair and fibers
    6. Firearms and/or weapons (Penal Code Section 12028.5)
    7. Overturned or damaged items
  6. Procedures for seizing firearms
    1. The peace officer at the scene of a domestic violence incident shall take temporary custody of any firearm or other deadly weapon in plain sight or discovered pursuant to a consensual search, for the protection of the peace officer and others present. Penal Code Section 12028.5 authorizes the seizure of firearms and ALL weapons as defined in Penal Code Section 12020
  7. Resources available for victim protection
    1. A report identified as domestic violence
    2. Emergency Protective Orders (EPO)
    3. Temporary Restraining Orders (TRO)
    4. Orders After Hearing (OAH)
    5. Shelter information/advocacy services
    6. Criminal Court stay away orders
    7. Workplace Violence Restraining Orders
2. When there is a court order involving domestic violence, it must be verified and enforced following specific procedures
  1. Identify the differences between the types of court orders to include:
    1. Criminal protective/stay-away orders
    2. Emergency Protective Orders
    3. Restraining orders
  2. Validity of a restraining order
    1. Restraining/protective order is on file with the agency
    2. Complainant has a certified valid copy
    3. Order is found in the Department of Justice Domestic
    4. Violence Restraining Order System (DVROS). (Family Code Section 6381)
  3. Purpose for obtaining an Emergency Protective Order
    1. Peace officers should understand that an EPO may be used to protect children in danger of family violence as well as individuals who are at risk of domestic violence as defined in Penal Code Section 13700. The relationships identified in Penal Code Section 13700, for the purposes of establishing domestic violence, are not identical to those defined as family or household members in Family Code Section 6250
  4. Enforce a court order
    1. Violating a restraining order is a misdemeanor. It is the peace officer’s responsibility to address the violation
3. A comprehensive investigation includes the collection of evidence and the documentation of events, resulting in a detailed report of the domestic violence incident and investigative action
  1. Information needs to be documented in a report
    1. A notation of whether officers observed any sign that the batterer (abuser) was under the influence of alcohol or controlled substance
    2. A notation of whether officers determined if any law enforcement agency had previously responded to a domestic violence call at the same location involving the same abuser and victim
    3. A notation of whether officers found it necessary to seize firearms or deadly weapons
    4. Indicate whether a firearm or other deadly weapon was present at the location
    5. Full description of the crime scene
    6. Number of prior incidents and known injuries
    7. Responding agencies and case numbers
    8. Protective Orders (expired, valid, or obtained at the scene)
    9. Domestic violence resource information provided to the victim
    10. Copy of the “911" incoming call requested or obtained
    11. Victim and batterer location upon arrival
    12. Relationship between victim and batterer
    13. Victim’s physical and emotional condition
    14. Batterer’s physical and emotional condition
    15. Physical and emotional condition of all witnesses, including children, elders, other household members, and neighbors
    16. Verbatim spontaneous statements from victim, batterer, and witnesses, including all children
    17. Names and ages of all children living in the home, if any
    18. Contact person if victim goes into hiding
    19. Relevant physical evidence
    20. Batterer’s probation and/or parole status
    21. Medical assistance requested
  2. Peace officer can provide support for the victim
    1. Provide the domestic violence resource information,
    2. Advise the victim of the availability of protective orders,
    3. Inform the victim about victim/witness services,
    4. Refer the victim to a shelter for emergency housing, and
    5. Offer and provide, when requested, civil (police) standbys for removing
    6. Personal property and assistance in safe passage out of the victim’s residence
XXV Learning Domain #26 – Unusual Occurrences (167-175)
1. To protect the public, peace officers must be able to identify unusual occurrences and respond rapidly, safely, and efficiently based on the situation
  1. Definition of unusual occurrence
    1. An unscheduled event
    2. Involving potential injury or property damage
    3. Which requires a law enforcement response
  2. Mission of law enforcement responding to unusual occurrences
    1. The law enforcement mission when responding to an unusual occurrence may include, but is not limited to, establishing law and order, identifying necessary resources, enforcing emergency rules and regulations, and/or providing emergency care for the sick and injured
  3. Responsibilities of the first responding officer on the scene of an unusual occurrence, to include:
    1. A peace officer’s responsibilities as a first responder require the officer to assume initial command, establish a perimeter, and protecting the incident location, isolate the hazard, maintain ingress/egress control, and initiate appropriate notifications
  4. Incident command system (ICS) and National Incident Management System (NIMS)
    1. Responsibilities of the initial responding officer
(i) The incident commander (ICS) is responsible for seeing that an appropriate plan of action is implemented to deal with the immediate situation. Required actions will vary according to the specifics of each incident

(ii) The tactics used to manage an incident must be reassessed and evaluated throughout the operation. Additional resources may become necessary or specific tactics may need to be modified
1. Basic components of the National Incident Management System
(i) Developed by the Secretary of Homeland Security at the request of the President, the National Incident Management System (NIMS) integrates effective practices in emergency preparedness and response into a comprehensive national framework for incident management
1. Responding to unusual occurrences, peace officers may be called upon to act quickly in situations involving fires or explosives. Officers must become familiar with the risks presented by these calls in order to respond safely and effectively. Fires and Explosives/ Extinguishing methods for each class of fires
  1. Methods for extinguishing each class of fires
    1. Common Combustibles
    2. Flammable liquids; petroleum based materials
    3. Energized electrical equipment
    4. Combustible metals
  2. Risk versus benefits/gain of entering a burning structure
    1. The structure itself
    2. The trapped individual(s)
    3. Nature of the fire
    4. Other factors
  3. Actions for responding to incidents involving bombs/explosive threats
    1. Make contact with person who received the treat
    2. Assist in evacuation, if requested
    3. Assist searching, if requested
    4. Documents all actions
  4. Safety precautions officers should follow at the scene where a suspected bomb/explosive device has been located
    1. Ensure safety
    2. Secure the area
    3. Assume command
    4. Gather additional information
    5. Document the incident
  5. Actions for securing a scene where an explosive device has been located
    1. Establish and maintain a perimeter. Evacuate all personnel within the designated area to a safe location. (Distance will depend on the specific situation.)
    2. Control ingress/egress of the perimeter.
    3. Identify the inherent dangers in a post-blast explosion scene
(i) There are dangers inherent in a post-blast scene, such as, secondary devices/explosives, booby traps, structural weakness, broken gas mains, downed power lines, and/or released hazardous materials
1. Officer actions for securing a post-blast explosion scene are to:
  1. Ensure safety,
  2. Assume command, and
  3. Secure the area
2. Peace officers must become familiar with the risks presented by aircraft crashes and other unusual occurrences in order to respond safely and effectively to these types of incidents. Aircraft Crashes and Other Unusual Occurrences
  1. Officer actions when responding to an aircraft crash
    1. When responding to an incident involving an aircraft, crash officers should maintain a safe position, conduct an initial assessment, secure the area, and assume command.
  2. Officer actions specific to other types of unusual occurrences, including:
    1. Electrical power emergencies
    2. Hazardous road conditions
    3. Traffic device malfunctions
    4. Gas leaks
    5. Floods
    6. Animal control problems
    7. Earthquakes
XXVI Learning Domain #27 – Missing Persons (176-179)
1. Peace officers need to understand their legal and professional obligations as well as the need for sensitivity and effective communication when responding to a missing persons investigation
  1. State the statutory definition of:
    1. Missing Person – Adult
    2. Missing Person – Child
(i) All missing person cases have the potential of being a criminal investigation
1. Missing person statutes as specified in:
  1. California Penal Code
  2. California Welfare and Institutions Code
(i)                   601 W&I

(ii)                 Mandated Actions – MUPS

(iii)                Benefits to Law Enforcement

(iv)               Unprofessional Approach

(v)                 Demonstrating sensitivity
1. Peace officers need to know how to obtain sufficient and accurate preliminary information from the reporting party. Initial Law Enforcement Response
  1. Statutory requirements for accepting a missing persons report
    1. Penal Code Section 14205(a) states that reports of missing persons shall be:
(i) Accepted without delay,

(ii) Regardless of jurisdiction
1. Reports shall be accepted no matter if they are made by phone, in writing, or given in person directly to law enforcement personnel
2. There is no requirement that a person must be missing for a set amount of time (i.e., 24 hours) before a report can be accepted by law enforcement
3. Information that should be obtained, and steps taken by the initial responder to a report of a missing person, including:
  1. Verification that the report is for a missing person
  2. Classification of missing person case
  3. Determining at risk status
  4. Obtaining missing person description, recent photograph and release waiver
  5. Efforts to locate missing persons
  6. Notification of supervisor or investigator
  7. Other agency notifications
  8. Completion of the report
  9. BOL broadcasts
  10. Entries to missing person information databases (e.g. MUPS)
  11. Amber Alerts
  12. Conditions that influence the level of law enforcement response to a report of a missing person
    1. Age
    2. Family and social environment
    3. Missing person’s knowledge of the area
    4. Suspicious Circumstances
    5. Mental, emotional, medical or physical condition
    6. Weather/time of day
    7. Resources available to missing person cases
    8. Length of time person has been missing
    9. Parental custody status
4. Peace officers must know that a thorough preliminary investigation improves the chance of a missing person being located quickly and safely
  1. Areas that should be included in an initial search for a missing person
    1. Identification
    2. Description and identifying characteristics
    3. Nature of circumstances
    4. Other associated information
    5. Physical description
    6. Condition of the missing person
    7. Circumstances of the disappearance
    8. Possible contacts
    9. Additional background information
  2. Search considerations for a child might vary from those of an adult
    1. Searches for adults are different from those for a child. Adults usually have the ability to travel a farther distance on their own and may leave a note or notify someone that they have left. Children may plan to leave but usually stay within their “safety zone.” Children who leave their safety zone usually do not do so by choice
  3. Peace officer’s primary responsibilities when responding to an abduction of a child by a parent/family member
    1. When called to conduct a preliminary investigation regarding a parent/family abduction, it is not the officer’s responsibility to convene “court” in the field and determine who has what rights over a child. Officers must recognize that their primary responsibility is to protect the safety and well being of the child, and to uphold the law if a criminal act has taken place
  4. Circumstances related to custody dispute situations when an officer may take a child into protective custody. A law enforcement officer may take a child into protective custody if:
    1. It reasonably appears to the officer that one of the involved parties is likely to:
(i)                   Conceal the child, flee the jurisdiction with the child, or by flight or concealment, evade the authority of the law.

(ii)                 There is no lawful custodian available to take custody of the child.

(iii)                There are: conflicting custody orders, or conflicting claims to custody, and the parties cannot agree which party should take custody of the child.

(iv)               The child is the victim of an abduction
1. Penal code notification requirements when peace officers locate a missing person
  1. Penal Code Section 14207 identifies a number of actions that shall be taken when a person previously reported missing is located, alive or dead
    1. Learning Domain #28 – Traffic Enforcement (180-182)
2. Peace officers must know the principles of traffic law set forth in the Vehicle Code in order to carry our their responsibilities in traffic enforcement
  1. Relevance of traffic enforcement to:
    1. Public safety and quality of life within a community
    2. Legally establish probable cause for accomplishing general law enforcement objectives
  2. Organization of information within the California Vehicle Code
    1. Statutes in the Vehicle Code fall within four categories according to their content. Each section (i.e., statute) must be carefully read as it may fall within one or more of the categories. Only punitive sections are citable
3. To manage traffic effectively, peace officers need to recognize their authority under the law
  1. Vehicle Code laws governing arrest
    1. A peace officer may, without a warrant, arrest a person when the officer has reasonable cause (i.e., probable cause) to believe the person had been driving under the influence. Vehicle Code Section 40300.5 gives a peace officer the authority to take a person into custody without an arrest warrant if the person:
(i)                   Is involved in a traffic accident,

(ii)                 Is observed in or about a vehicle that is obstructing a roadway,

(iii)                Will not be apprehended unless immediately arrested,

(iv)               May cause injury to himself or herself or damage property unless immediately arrested, or

(v)                 May destroy or conceal evidence of the crime unless immediately arrested
1. Differentiate between mandatory and optional appearance before a magistrate
  1. Under certain conditions, an arrested person shall be required to appear before a magistrate. The magistrate must have jurisdiction in the county where the alleged offense was committed and be the nearest and most accessible to the place where the arrest was made. This appearance shall be made without unnecessary delay (Vehicle Code Section 40302). Appearance before a magistrate is mandatory if a person has been arrested for a non-felony Vehicle Code violation and when a person:
(i)                   Fails to present a driver’s license or other satisfactory evidence of identity for examination.

(ii)                 Refuses to give a written promise to appear in court.

(iii)                Demands an immediate appearance before a magistrate.

(iv)               Is charged with violating Vehicle Code Section 23152 (DUI)
1. There are a number of Vehicle Code violations where an appearance before a magistrate is optional. Under such circumstances, the arresting officer may give the person a notice to appear, or take the person before the magistrate (Vehicle Code Section 40303)
(i)                   Injuring or tampering with a vehicle

(ii)                 Reckless driving

(iii)                Failure to perform duties in the event of a vehicle collision

(iv)               Participation of: speed contests, exhibitions of speed

(v)                 Aiding and abetting same

(vi)               Driving while license is suspended or revoked

(vii)              Riding a bicycle while under the influence

(viii)            Riding a motorized scooter while under the influence

(ix)               Attempting to evade arrest

(x)                 Disobedience to traffic officers
1. Common name and Vehicle Code section(s) violations involving failure to obey the lawful orders of a peace officer or designated employee
(i)                   Drivers and pedestrians are required to obey the lawful orders of a peace officer who is enforcing the traffic laws. Vehicle Code Section 2800 states that it is unlawful to:

(a)                 Willfully fail or refuse to comply with

(b)                 Any lawful order, signal, or direction

(c)                 Of any peace officer

(d)                 Who is in uniform and

(e)                 Performing duties under any provision of the Vehicle Code
1. Effective use of hands signals, flashlights and other warning devices to control traffic
(i)                   A peace officer may encounter situations where he or she is called upon to control or manage traffic using what is readily available. In these situations, an officer may use:

(a)                 Hand signals,

(b)                 Whistle,

(c)                 Voice commands,

(d)                 Flashlight,

(e)                 Flares (fusee),

(f)                  Cones,

(g)                 Barricades or signs, or

(h)                 Emergency lights from patrol car, or other warning devices
1. Peace officers must know the elements of the laws governing motor vehicles and pedestrians
  1. Common name and Vehicle Code section(s) for traffic control and device violations involving:
(i)                   Red signal lights

(ii)                 Stop signs

(iii)                Other traffic control signals and devices
1. Common name and Vehicle Code section(s), right-of-way violations involving:
(i) Failure to yield the right-of-way

(ii) Failure to yield to an emergency vehicle
1. Common name and Vehicle Code section(s) for violations involving pedestrians
(i) Any person who is afoot, or using a means of conveyance other than a bicycle due to a physical disability
1. Common name and Vehicle Code section(s) for turning and signaling violations:
(i) Right and left turns, turning at an intersection or onto a highway

(ii) U-turns at controlled intersections and business districts
1. Common name and Vehicle Code section(s), speed violations involving:
(i) Basic speed law

(ii) Maximum speed
1. Common name and Vehicle Code section(s), driving and passing violations involving:
(i)                   Following to closely

(ii)                 Unsafe lane change

(iii)                Passing on the left/right

(iv)               Passing a stopped school bus
1. Common name and Vehicle Code section(s) involving hit and run violations
(i) A collision is an unintended event that produces damage or injury (including fatal injury). A driver involved in an accident or collision has certain obligations to fulfill
1. Common name and Vehicle Code section(s), public offenses violations involving
(i) Reckless driving

(ii) Speed contest
1. Common name and Vehicle Code section(s), basic licensing requirements for the privilege of driving a motor vehicle
(i) Driving on California highways is a privilege, not a right. That privilege may be refused, restricted, suspended, or revoked by the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) or the courts

(ii) A driver’s license is a valid license to drive the type of motor vehicle or combination of vehicles for which a person is licensed under this code or by a foreign jurisdiction (Vehicle Code Section 310)
1. Information necessary to complete a storage and impound report
  1. Required information
  2. Common name and Vehicle Code section(s) for failure to obey the lawful orders of a peace officer or designated employee
    1. Evading a peace officer
    2. Willful/wanton disregard
  3. Effective use of hand signals, flashlights and other warning devices to manage traffic
    1. Hand signals
    2. Whistles
    3. Voice commands
    4. Flashlights
    5. Flares
XXVIII Learning Domain #29 – Traffic Accident Investigation (183-186)
1. Peace officers need to know how to effectively manage traffic collision scenes to ensure their safety, the safety of others, and protect the integrity of the collision scene
  1. Scene safety hazards
    1. As officers approach the actual scene of a vehicle collision, they should be aware of and begin looking for indicators of potential safety hazards related to the vehicle collision
  2. Appropriate peace officer actions when managing a vehicle collision scene, including:
    1. Injured persons
(i) Once at the scene, it becomes the responsibility of the responding officer(s) to take necessary actions to care for injured or involved parties
1. Collision scene protection
(i) Along with caring for injured parties, peace officers are responsible for protecting the collision scene and preserving any potential physical evidence
1. To accurately determine the events and factors associated with a collision, peace officers must recognize the types, and importance of evidence likely to be available at a collision scene
  1. Different types of physical evidence
    1. There are a number of forms of physical evidence that may be found at the scene of a vehicle collision. Recognize the type of information they may provide
  2. Tire marks
    1. There are two types of tire marks that peace officers may encounter at a vehicle collision scene; distinguish the difference between skid marks and tire impressions
  3. Tire marks and vehicles
    1. Investigating officers may link a particular tire mark left at a collision scene with a specific vehicle in a number of different ways
  4. Classify skid marks
    1. Peace officers investigating a vehicle collision should be aware of three basic causes of visible skid marks
  5. Measurement priorities
    1. Items which are at-risk or easily moved should be given first priority (e.g., fluid stains that could be washed away by rain, debris that could be moved by shifting winds, etc.)
  6. Reference points/lines
    1. A reference point/line is a point from which a measurement is taken to locate a single spot in a given area. Reference points/lines should be based on fixed objects. A fixed point is any permanent object or landmark that does not move (e.g., the roadway edge or curb, a permanent signal device, a fire hydrant, manhole cover, light pole, etc.). The location of any item should be noted by using measurements from two different reference points/lines to a single location
  7. Determine the difference between primary collision factor and associated collision factor
    1. The one element or driving action which best describes the main cause of the collision
2. Evidence collected at a collision scene can be rendered useless or inadmissible if it is not properly documented. Peace officers must recognize and follow standardized documentation formats for traffic collisions to ensure that the evidence they collect is understandable and usable by other officers, and other agencies
  1. Basic report components
    1. Standardized reporting documents may include basic components depending on the report format used
  2. Types of collision documentation, including:
    1. Collision investigation reports
(i) Takes place on a highway and results in serious personal injury, or results in a fatality (no matter if the collision took place on or off a highway)
1. Collision reports
(i)                   Description of injuries

(ii)                 Identification of involved parties vehicles

(iii)                Time and location of collision events

(iv)               Chronology of collision events

(v)                 Elements unique to hit and run and driving under the influence collisions

(vi)               Primary and associated collision factors

(vii)              Point(s) of impact and area(s) of impact

(viii)            Scene sketch
1. Components of traffic collision report, including:
(i)                   Description of injuries

(ii)                 Identification of involved parties vehicles

(iii)                Time and location of collision events

(iv)               Chronology of collision events

(v)                 Elements unique to hit and run and driving under the influence collisions

(vi)               Primary and associated collision factors

(vii)              Point(s) of impact and area(s) of impact

(viii)            Scene sketch
1. Facts on report narratives
(i) Facts should include specifics of the notification, scene description, involved parties, physical evidence at the scene, or other factual information
1. Statements on report narratives
(i)                   Made by involved parties or witnesses

(ii)                 Opinions and conclusions on report narratives

(a)                 Summation of what, how, and why took place based on evidence and/or statements. The area of impact and how it was determined. Which party is determined to be at fault and how it was determined, and an intoxication narrative (if applicable)

(iii)                Recommendations on report narratives

(a)                 Follow-up actions needed for the investigation
1. Collision sketches and tactual diagrams
(i) Sketches and diagrams made by the investigating officer provide a visual representation of that officer’s opinions and the factual elements of the scene. Each can be used to reinforce the narrative portion of the investigation or report
1. Content features and elements to be included on a:
(i)                   Collision scene sketch

(a)                 Compass direction

(b)                 Basic measurements of the roadway

(c)                 Appropriate symbols/illustrations

(d)                 Travel paths of vehicle and parties involved

(e)                 Reference points and direction

(f)                  Item labeled appropriately (parties, streets, signs, etc.)

(g)                 Factual diagram
1. Components of a traffic collision report
(i) There are several different components to a traffic collision report that include, but are not limited to, descriptions and identification of injuries, parties involved, vehicles and other key elements of the collision site
1. Learning Domain #30 – Preliminary Investigation (187-192)
2. Peace officers must have a general understanding of the total range of basic criminal investigation procedures in order to make the appropriate decisions regarding the identification and preservation of evidence at the scene of a crime
  1. Goal of a criminal investigation
    1. The successful prosecution of the guilty and the exoneration of the innocent
  2. Basic components of a preliminary criminal investigation
    1. Proceed safely to the scene
    2. Determine need for emergency medical services and aid any injured persons
    3. Verify that a crime if any, has occurred
    4. Identify and arrest the suspect(s), if appropriate
    5. As soon as possible provide dispatch with suspect information, including suspect description, direction of flight, mode of travel, and other pertinent information
    6. Contain and protect the crime scene and cause the proper collection of evidence
    7. Locate victim(s) and/or witness(es) and identify other sources of information
    8. Collect all information necessary to write a clear and accurate report (who, what, when, where, why, and how)
  3. Steps of a preliminary criminal investigation, including:
    1. Contain and protect the crime scene and cause the proper collection of evidence
  4. Actions peace officers may employ to preserve possible evidence at a crime scene
    1. A crime scene encompasses not only the immediate area where a crime took place, but also other areas related to the crime. To protect and preserve possible evidence within the crime scene, peace officers should:
(i)                   Establish an inner and outer perimeter

(ii)                 Assign personnel

(iii)                Place fixed barriers

(iv)               Maintain log
1. Primary purpose of conducting a(n):
  1. Initial survey of a crime scene
(i) Responding officer’s have an opportunity to assess the amount of time, equipment, and personnel that may be needed to actually collect and process the evidence
1. Crime scene search
(i) Locate physical evidence that a crime has taken place

(ii) Identify individual(s) who may have committed the crime
1. Criteria for allowing crime scene photographs to be admitted as evidence by the court
  1. Crime scene photographs are often used in a court of law as a form of demonstrative evidence. Photographs may be admissible as evidence if they:
(i)                   Show an object or person relevant to the crime

(ii)                 Accurately represent, without distortion, the object or scene photographed

(iii)                Marked properly to identify contents and location

(iv)               Not used solely to appeal to the emotions or prejudice the court or jury
1. Elements to be included on a crime scene diagram
  1. A crime scene diagram should show the:
(i)                   Layout of the entire scene

(ii)                 Measured locations within the crime scene of each piece of evidence

(iii)                Locations of significant features of the scene
1. Peace officers must be aware of and comply with the general guidelines for the collection, packaging and processing of physical evidence found at a crime scene to ensure that each piece of evidence is admissible in a court of law
  1. Appropriate precautions that should be taken prior to collection and removal of evidence from a crime scene
    1. Be aware of and comply with specific agency policies, procedures, and guidelines for evidence collection and packaging
    2. Document the existence, condition, and location of each piece of evidence located within the crime scene using photographs, sketches/diagrams, and written entries in the officer’s field notes. Include information regarding exact location, color, pattern, size, shape, etc.
    3. Collect and package all evidence in an appropriate manner, using techniques that will not harm or compromise the evidentiary value of the item
(i)                   Once each piece of evidence is packaged, seal with evidence tape, label, and process according to specific agency policies or guidelines

(ii)                 Document the collection of each piece of evidence collected, along with the techniques used for collection and packaging in field notes and investigative report

(iii)                When applicable, collect, package and process control/known standard samples in the same manner as the corresponding evidence samples from the crime scene
1. Purpose of collecting control/known samples
  1. To establish a link between a piece of evidence and a person or a crime scene, the unique identity of the object must be shown to the exclusion of all other similar objects
  2. Primary reason for establishing a chain of custody record
    1. The chain of custody begins when an item is first collected and tagged as evidence. From this time, supplying complete, clear, concise information and using appropriate documentation techniques will aid in keeping the chain of custody intact
  3. Information that should be noted on a chain of custody record
    1. Report number
    2. Who initially found the item
    3. Where and when the item was found
    4. A description of the item
    5. Who recovered, packaged and labeled the item
    6. Who transported the item
    7. Where it was submitted
    8. Where, how and when the item was secured
  4. Three forms of fingerprint impressions that may be found at a crime scene
    1. Visible
    2. Plastic
    3. Latent
  5. Basic steps for developing latent fingerprints
    1. Impression left by secretions from perspiration or oils on the skin
    2. Most commonly found at a crime scene
    3. Invisible to the naked eye until developed
  6. General guidelines for collecting and processing evidence that may be located at a crime scene
    1. Be aware of and comply with specific agency policies, procedures and guidelines for evidence collection and packaging
    2. Document the existence, condition and location of each piece of evidence with the crime scene using photographs, sketches/diagrams and written entries in the fields notes
    3. Collect and package all evidence in an appropriate manner, using techniques that will not harm or compromise the evidentiary value of the item
    4. Once each piece of evidence is packaged, seal with evidence tape, label and process according to specific agency policies and guidelines
    5. Document the collection of each piece of evidence collected, along with the techniques used for collection and packaging in field notes and investigative report
    6. When applicable, collect, package and process control/known standard samples in the same manner as the corresponding evidence samples from the crime scene
2. Peace officers who are first to arrive at a scene involving a death must be aware of their responsibilities to assess the situation, and take an appropriate course of action based on their preliminary investigation
  1. Information that should be obtained and documented when conducting and investigation involving the death of a child
    1. The child’s information:
(i)                   Name, age, sex, race

(ii)                 Nature and extent of known medical conditions or problems at the time of death (e.g., colds, ear infections, etc.)

(iii)                Description of chronic illnesses or injuries which the child may have experienced recently

(iv)               Medications the child may have been taking

(v)                 Recent vaccinations

(vi)               Recent or past history of falls or abuse

(vii)              Name of the child’s physician
1. The death scene
(i)                   Location where the child was discovered

(ii)                 Position in which the child was found

(iii)                Appearance of the child, including clothing and, if applicable, bedding

(iv)               Any possible signs or indications of abuse (e.g., bruises, scars)

(v)                 Description and condition of the immediate area where the child was found and the overall residence or general area

(vi)               Approximate temperature of the area/room where child was found
1. Circumstances
(i)                   Circumstances that led to the discovery of the child

(ii)                 Exact time the child was last seen alive

(iii)                Time the child was found to be unresponsive

(iv)               If the child was found in a crib or bed, the time the child was put down to rest

(v)                 Name and relationship of the person who found the child

(vi)               Description of any resuscitation attempts, including by whom and how long
1. Information pertaining to other individuals
(i)                   Name, address, phone number of parent(s) and/or care giver

(ii)                 Behavior of individuals present

(iii)                Names, addresses, phone numbers of other individuals who may be able to furnish information or access to the location and/or child prior to the incident
1. Identify indicators that a child’s death may be due to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
(i)                   Was under the age of one year. (The majority of SIDS deaths occur before six months with the largest number of deaths occurring between the age of two to four months.)

(ii)                 Appeared to have been healthy prior to the death (with the exceptions of minor colds, vomiting, diarrhea, etc.)

(iii)                Died during a period of sleep

(iv)               Had no visible signs of trauma or injury at the time of death
1. Appropriate actions for responding officers interacting with parents or care givers involved in a SIDS Incident
(i) Responding officers are among the first to arrive at the scene of a possible death involving a child. Just as with all other possible death investigations, officers must immediately attempt to identify any signs that the child may still be alive. If they find any indications, or even suspect the child is still alive, emergency medical assistance should be immediately summoned and appropriate first aid rendered. If necessary, officers may assist parents or care givers in obtaining transportation to hospital
1. In order to ensure the efficient collection of admissible evidence, peace officers must understand the preliminary investigative consideration that are specific to property crimes
  1. Appropriate peace officer actions when taking a report of burglary or other similar property crime
    1. Identify the suspect’s modus operandi (MO)
    2. Establish point of entry/exit
    3. Detailed list of property taken
    4. Process scene for evidence
  2. Information that should be obtained when interviewing the victim(s) of or witness(s) to a burglary
    1. Descriptions
    2. Statements
    3. Actions
      1. Learning Domain #31 – Custody (193-195)
2. Peace officers must know their responsibilities and liabilities for the care, custody and safety of prisoners while ensuring their constitutional and statutory rights
  1. Definition of custody
    1. At the time of the initial arrest, the arresting officer is responsible for the care and custody of an arrested person. The arresting officer may or may not also be the transporting officer, responsible for transporting the arrested person to a local detention facility
  2. General responsibilities an officer has for the care and custody of an arrested person
    1. Assuring that there is a lawful basis for custody
    2. Protecting the constitutional and statutory rights of the arrested person while that person is in the officer’s charge
    3. Maintaining the care, custody and safety of the arrested person until that person is processed into a local detention facility
    4. Maintaining officer and public safety
    5. Handling those responsibilities necessary to facilitate the processing of the arrested person into a detention facility
  3. Liabilities for an officer who shows callous disregard for an arrested person’s safety
    1. Failure to uphold the expected level of care under the provisions of state and federal laws or the callous disregard for an arrested person’s safety will subject peace officers to:
(i)                   Departmental discipline (including termination)

(ii)                 State prosecution for violation of penal code statutes

(iii)                Federal prosecution for violation of federal civil rights law

(iv)               Civil lawsuits which may include punitive damages levied directly against individual officers
1. Circumstances that ensure a legal basis for commitment to custody, including:
  1. Court documents (e.g., warrants, court orders, etc.)
  2. Parole and probation commitments
  3. Probable cause arrests
  4. Prisoners in transit
  5. Constitutional rights and protections afforded to an arrested person while in an officer’s charge
    1. First Amendment
(i) Freedom of religion

(ii) Freedom of speech
1. Sixth Amendment
(i) Right to a speedy trial
1. Eighth Amendment
(i) Right to legal counsel

(ii) Protection from cruel and unusual punishment
1. Fourteenth Amendment
(i) The right to due process of the law

(ii) Right to equal protection
1. Fatal errors officers can make that jeopardize their safety while performing custodial duties
  1. Tombstone courage
(i) Overly anxious to show courage

(ii) Trying to handle Dangerous situations beyond officer’s ability or experience
1. Fatigue
(i) Failure to get adequate rest

(ii) Attention and reflexes are compromised
1. Bas position
(i) Failure to exercise caution

(ii) Failure to call for backup when handling an aggressive or agitated prisoner
1. Bad attitude
(i) Treating a prisoner disrespectfully
1. Ignoring danger signs
(i) Process becomes routine

(ii) Ignoring signs a prisoner is an immediate threat
1. Failure to watch hands
(i) Officers miss a prisoner reaching for a firearm or other deadly weapon
1. Relaxing too soon
(i) Uneventful custody situations

(ii) Officers become careless
1. Use of restraint devices
(i) Failure to cuff or use other restraints when necessary

(ii) Improperly cuffing a prisoner
1. No search or poor search
(i) Cursory search in the field or in a facility

(ii) Failure to locate firearms, other deadly weapons, or contraband
1. Officer’s inoperative weapons
(i) Undependable weapon resulting in injury or death to officer
1. Peace officers must know the elements required to complete crimes involving the treatment of prisoners and to correctly categorize these crimes as misdemeanors or felonies
  1. Crime elements required to complete the crime of:
    1. Assault of a prisoner under the color of authority
    2. Cruel or unusual treatment of prisoners
    3. Inhumane or oppressive treatment of a prisoner
  2. Crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
    1. Circumstances of the crime
    2. Examples
  3. Crime of violation of a prisoner’s civil rights
    1. Any person, whether or not acting under color of law, who shall by force or threat of force willfully deprive any person of any legal right based on that person’s race, color, religion, ancestry, national origin, disability, gender, or sexual orientation, or because the person perceives that the other person has one or more of those characteristics
(i)                   Penal Code section

(ii)                 Crime elements

(iii)                Penalty
1. Peace officers must know they are legally responsible for the safety, well being and level of care prisoners receive while those prisoners are held in a custodial facility
  1. Crime elements for bringing a firearm, deadly weapon or explosive into a detention facility
    1. Any person who knowingly:
(i) Brings or sends into, or assists in bringing into or sending into a local detention facility any: firearms, deadly weapons, or explosives
1. Any person who while lawfully confined to a detention facility, possesses any:
(i) Firearm, deadly weapon, explosive, or tear gas or tear gas weapon
1. Identify the crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
(i) Classification

(ii) Examples
1. Responsibilities of the arresting or transporting officer and custodial personnel regarding medical care prescreening of prisoners before being accepted into a local detention facility
  1. The arresting officer is responsible for informing custodial personnel and documenting any observable, known, or recognized signs of:
(i)                   Injury

(ii)                 Illness

(iii)                Possible drug overdose

(iv)               Mental incapacitation

(v)                 Suicide risk

(vi)               Whether the person requires medication
1. Custodial personnel should also be informed if the arrested person was exposed to OC spray, tasers, or if a carotid restraint or baton was used during the arrest process
2. Crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
  1. The crime of bringing a firearm, deadly weapon, or explosive into a local detention facility is a felony
  2. Classes of prisoners who may require special care or protection
    1. Diabetic shock
    2. Head injury
    3. Severe bleeding
    4. Drug overdose
    5. Unresponsiveness or unconsciousness
    6. Chest pain
      1. Learning Domain #32 - Lifetime Fitness (196-199)
3. Officers need to know how to apply methods for evaluating and managing their physical fitness for a healthy lifestyle necessary for safely and effectively performing peace officer duties
  1. Elements of a personal physical fitness program to include:
    1. Cardiovascular
    2. Muscular strength
    3. Flexibility
    4. Muscular endurance
    5. Body composition
  2. Techniques for evaluating personal fitness in the areas of:
    1. Cardiovascular
    2. Muscular strength
    3. Flexibility
    4. Muscular endurance
    5. Body composition
  3. Appropriate measures for improving an officer’s performance within each of the five components of a personal fitness program
  4. Principles of physical conditioning, including:
    1. Specificity
    2. Frequency
    3. Intensity
    4. Duration/time
  5. Components of a training session to include:
    1. Warm-up/stretching
    2. Conditioning phase
    3. Cool down/stretching
4. Peace officers must recognize that proper nutrition is critical to maintaining body composition, physical conditioning, and reducing their risk of illness or injury
  1. How to accomplish fitness goals using nutritional planning
5. Peace officers need to understand common health problems so they may use appropriate risk management techniques to ensure their health and physical fitness
  1. Illnesses or injuries commonly associated with law enforcement officers, including:
    1. Cardiovascular disease
    2. Lower back disorders
    3. Gastrointestinal disorders and disease
6. Peace officers must recognize the causes of stress and how to manage it effectively in order to protect their personal health and ensure their ability to perform their duties
  1. Signs and symptoms of elevated stress levels
  2. Substance abuse is an inappropriate strategy for coping with physical and psychological stress
  3. Short and long term effects of abusing:
    1. Alcohol
    2. Tobacco
    3. Caffeine
    4. Prescription, non-prescription, and illegal drugs
  4. Techniques for stress management
    1. Learning Domain #33 – Arrest Methods/Defensive Tactics (200-206)
7. For their own safety and the safety of others, peace officers must maintain awareness and respond appropriately when confronted by a potential hazard or threat
  1. Principles of defensive tactics, to include:
    1. Awareness
    2. Balance
    3. Control
  2. Parts of an officer’s body that are most vulnerable to serious injury
    1. Head
    2. Face
    3. Neck
    4. Throat
    5. Heart
    6. Spine
    7. Kidneys
    8. Groin
    9. Joints
  3. Parts of an officer’s body that may be used as personal weapons for self defense or to overcome resistance by a subject
    1. Head
    2. Hands
    3. Arms
    4. Legs
    5. Feet
8. Conducting a person search can be dangerous for peace officers. A peace officer’s actions and reactions in these situations should always allow for a margin of safety while maintaining a position of advantage
  1. Factors to consider when approaching a subject and conducting a plain view search
    1. Suspect’s clothing
    2. Location of suspect’s hands
    3. Proximity of the suspect’s obvious or potential weapons
  2. Approach to safely and effectively conduct a person search
    1. Front waistband
    2. Upper body
    3. Back
    4. Lower body
    5. Other locations
  3. Locations where weapons and/or contraband can be concealed on a subject’s body
    1. Hair
    2. Mouth
    3. Back of neck
    4. Underarm
    5. Small of back
    6. Waistband
    7. Belt buckle
    8. Pockets
    9. Buttocks
    10. Groin
    11. Inner thighs
    12. Ankles
    13. Shoes/Boots
    14. Heel of Shoe/Boot
  4. Agency considerations and restrictions that may be common regarding a search of a person of the opposite sex
    1. Maintaining officer safety
    2. Availability and use of officers of the same sex
    3. Acceptable search techniques
    4. How to avoid false claims of misconduct or sexual assault
    5. Agency specific policies
  5. Cover officer responsibilities
    1. Insure the safety himself and the contact officer
    2. Work as a team with the contact officer
  6. Cover officer responsibilities during a search of a subject
    1. Be constantly alert
    2. Maintain a position of advantage
    3. Safeguard weapons
    4. Maintain constant observation of the overall situation
    5. Be aware of possible dangers and potential interference
    6. Exhibit command presence or professional demeanor toward subject
    7. Protect the searching officer from possible interference
    8. Assist in restraining the subject, if necessary
    9. Assist the searching officer by taking possession of any found weapons or contraband
9. Peace officers must be ready and physically capable of taking control of a subject and to justify their actions if the subject refuses to follow verbal commands, physically resists, or attempts to attack the peace officer during a detention or arrest situation
  1. Peace officer’s justification to use controlling force on a subject
    1. Gain compliance from a subject
    2. Not to cause pain or inflict punishment
  2. Advantages and limitations a peace officer should consider when applying a control hold
    1. Control holds can be used for direction and control
    2. Close proximity of the officer and subject
  3. Advantages and limitations a peace officer should consider when performing a takedown technique
    1. Close proximity of the officer and subject
    2. A single technique may not be adequate to gain complete control
10. Peace officers must know the advantages of the use of a Carotid Restraint Control Hold, the risks involved, the follow-up procedures and safety precautions
  1. Justification for using the Carotid Restraint Control Hold
    1. Gain control over the subject
    2. Used when other force options are not justified
  2. Factors which cause unconsciousness when a Carotid Restraint Control Hold is applied, to include:
    1. Structures of the human neck
    2. Breathing
    3. Circulation
  3. Potential hazards associated with the proper or improper application of a Carotid Restraint Control Hold, to include:
    1. Physiological responses a subject may experience
  4. Procedures for handling a subject after a Carotid Restraint Control Hold has been applied
    1. Release the hold
    2. Handcuff the subject
    3. Check vital signs
    4. Administer first aid, if necessary
    5. Search the subject
    6. Notify any other officers or custodial personnel that the prisoner is turned over to
    7. Obtain medical clearance
  5. Procedures regarding medical care after a Carotid Restraint Control Hold has been applied
    1. Check the subject’s pulse (other than the carotid pulse)
    2. Monitor the subject’s breathing
    3. Obtain a coherent response from the subject
    4. Be prepared to establish an airway and administer CPR
    5. Summon emergency vehicles, if needed
    6. Maintain visual monitoring of subject for up to two hours, or until the subject has been turned over to another authority
11. The application of a restraint device (i.e., handcuffs, plastics flex cuffs, leg restraint devices, full body restraints) on a subject can be a difficult and potentially dangerous task for a peace officer. Peace officers must be proficient in the use of proper methods to ensure their safety and the safety of the subjects
  1. Purpose of using restraint devices on a subject
    1. Minimize attack on the officer or others
    2. Minimize escape of the subject
    3. Minimize destruction or concealment of evidence or contraband
    4. Minimize self-inflicted injury by subject
    5. Minimize combat between subjects
  2. Potential hazards when using handcuffs as a restraint device
    1. Prisoner escape
    2. Threat to officer safety
    3. Harm to prisoner
    4. Destruction of evidence
    5. Threat to public safety
    6. Potential harm to subject
  3. Correct positioning of handcuffs on a subject
    1. Hands behind subject’s back, whenever possible
    2. Shape of the handcuff should correspond to the shape of the wrist
    3. Applied on bare wrist between hand and protruding Ulnar bone
    4. Do not apply over clothing or jewelry
    5. Should be secure – not too loose or too tight
    6. Double lock handcuffs
  4. Responsibilities of the contact and cover officers when handcuffing multiple subjects
    1. Responsibilities of contact officer
    2. Responsibilities of cover officer
12. Peace officers must maintain control of their firearm(s), and when appropriate, be physically capable of disarming a subject
  1. Factors involved in retaining a peace officer’s firearm
    1. Opportunity
    2. Equipment
    3. Training
  2. Basic techniques for peace officers to safely maintain control of their firearm in a physical conflict
    1. Respond immediately
    2. Secure the weapon in the holster
    3. Gain a position of advantage
    4. Effect the release of the weapon
  3. Peace officer’s tactical considerations when confronted by an armed subject
    1. Danger of injury to themselves and other in the area
    2. The type of firearm
    3. The distance between the officer and suspect
    4. Their own level of skill, physical conditioning and training
    5. The danger of injury to themselves and others
    6. The type of firearm the subject is holding
    7. The distance between the officer and the subject
    8. Their own level of skill, physical conditioning and training
  4. Peace officer’s justification to retain their firearm or disarm a subject
    1. Officer safety considerations
13. Peace officers must know that an impact weapon is a force option
  1. Peace officer’s legal authority for using an impact weapon
    1. Reasonably used to repel or protect
    2. Penal Code 12020
  2. Circumstances when a peace officer is justified in using an impact weapon
    1. Protect property
    2. Self-defense
    3. Defense of other
    4. Effect an arrest
    5. Prevent escape
    6. Overcome resistance
  3. Appropriate areas on a subject’s body that if struck with an impact weapon can be effective in gaining compliance
    1. Chest
    2. Ribcage
    3. Arms
    4. Midsection
    5. Legs
  4. Areas on a subject’s body that if struck with an impact weapon could cause serious injury to the subject
    1. Front
4.                   Tactical considerations when disarming a subject

(i)                   Face

(ii)                 Throat

(iii)                Heart

(iv)               Groin
1. Back
(i)                   Head

(ii)                 Neck

(iii)                Spine

(iv)               Kidneys
1. Use of verbal commands during a confrontation
  1. Clear and concise verbal commands
  2. Used with reasonable force
2. When transporting a prisoner, peace officers must recognize that the unpredictable nature of prisoners can create a serious threat. Officers must be aware of safety hazards and appropriate transporting procedures to ensure their safety and the safety of the prisoner
  1. Common transporting procedures that maximize officer safety and prevent prisoner escape
    1. Search of the prisoner
    2. Search of the vehicle area
    3. Proper procedures for positioning the prisoner in the vehicle
    4. Use of safety belts
    5. Observation of the prisoner while transporting
  2. Safe and secure positioning of a prisoner in an officer’s vehicle
    1. Place in and remove prisoner in a way that maintains control and advantage
    2. Use a cover officer, if available
      1. Learning Domain #34 – CPR/1^st Aid (207-212)
3. Peace officers must recognize they have a responsibility to act in good faith and to provide emergency medical services to the best of their abilities, and within the scope of their training
  1. Primary responsibilities of peace officers as EMS First Responders at a medical emergency
    1. Evaluating the emergency situation
    2. Ensuring officer safety as well as the safety of ill or injured individuals and the public
    3. Taking necessary enforcement actions related to the incident
    4. Initiating actions regarding the well being and care of ill or injured persons
  2. Links of the chain of transmission of infectious pathogens
    1. Airborne pathogens
    2. Blood borne pathogens
  3. Precautions peace officers should take to ensure their own personal safety when responding to a medical emergency
    1. Personal protective equipment
    2. Personal protective equipment disposal
    3. Universal precautions
    4. Personal preventative measures
    5. Documentation to exposure
  4. Conditions under which a peace officer is protected from liability when providing emergency medical services
    1. Act within the scope of their employment
    2. Act in good faith
    3. Provide a standard of care that is within the scope of their training and specific agency policy
4. Peace officers must be able to assess the immediate condition of a victim, a fellow peace officer, or themselves if they become injured prior to beginning any form of emergency medical services, including basic life support
  1. Appropriate actions to take during a primary survey for assessing a victim’s:
    1. Responsiveness
    2. Airway
    3. Breathing
    4. Circulation
  2. Assessment criteria for establishing priorities when assessing multiple victims at a single scene
    1. Assessment criteria
    2. Classification categories
  3. Conditions under which an injured victim should be moved from one location to another
    1. Imminent danger
    2. Unable to assess
    3. General guidelines
  4. Proper procedures for moving a victim using the shoulder drag method
    1. Use hands and grasp the victim under the armpits
    2. Stabilize the victim’s head and neck to reduce the risk of injury
    3. Carefully life the victim keeping the head and shoulders as close to the ground as possible
    4. Drag the victim so that the head, torso and legs remain in a straight line
(i) Do NOT pull sideways
1. Gently place the victim in the new location
2. Assess the victim’s condition
3. Peace officers may be required to provide basic life support for a victim, fellow officer, or themselves until additional medical services become available
  1. Circumstances under which a victim’s airway should be opened by using a:
    1. Head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver
    2. Jaw-thrust maneuver
  2. Difference between a partial and a complete airway obstruction
    1. Partial obstruction
    2. Complete obstruction
  3. Procedures for using abdominal thrusts to clear an obstruction from the airway of a conscious and unconscious adult or child
    1. Conscious choking adult or child
    2. Unconscious adult or child
  4. Procedures for using chest thrusts to clear an obstruction from the airway of a conscious and unconscious:
    1. Pregnant or obese individual
    2. Infant
  5. Rescue breathing techniques when using a pocket face mask or mouth-to-mouth maneuver
    1. Pocket mask techniques
    2. Mouth-to-mouth techniques
  6. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) for adults, children and infants, including:
    1. Ventilation duration
    2. Pulse location
    3. Compression depth
    4. Compression rate
    5. Compression-to-ventilation ratio (one-person CPR)
    6. Compression-to-ventilation ratio (two-person CPR)
  7. Four primary bleeding control techniques
    1. Direct pressure
    2. Elevation
    3. Pressure points
    4. Tourniquet
  8. General guidelines for controlling bleeding from an open wound
    1. Cover the entire wound site with dressing
    2. Apply pressure to stop bleeding
    3. Bandages should be applied snugly but not so tight as to impair circulation to portions of the body distal to the wound site
    4. Leave fingers and toes exposed
  9. Indicators of shock
    1. Altered mental state
    2. Pale, cool, clammy skin
    3. Profuse sweating
    4. Thirst, nausea, vomiting
    5. Blue/grey lips, nail beds, tongue, ears (i.e., cyanosis)
    6. Dull eyes, dilated pupils
    7. Rapid pulse rate
    8. Weak or “thready” pulse
    9. Abnormal respiration rate
    10. Shallow, labored breathing
  10. First aid measures to treat shock
    1. Control all external bleeding and treat other injuries
    2. Gently place the victim in the appropriate position
    3. Be alert for vomiting
    4. Maintain the victim’s body temperature but avoid overheating
    5. Place the victim in a position to help maintain blood flow
    6. Reassure the victim
    7. Continue to monitor ABCs and be prepared to take action if necessary (e.g., rescue breathing, CPR)
    8. Do not give anything to drink
4. Peace officers are often first to respond to the scene of a traumatic incident. They must be capable of activating the EMS system, and providing appropriate first aid to victims of traumatic injuries
  1. Indicators of a possible head injury
    1. Mechanism of injury
    2. Mental status
    3. Vital signs
    4. Visible injury
    5. Appearance
    6. Other
  2. Appropriate first aid measures for treating injuries to the:
    1. Head
(i)                   Position

(ii)                 Assessment

(iii)                Treatment
1. Appropriate first aid measures for treating open and closed injuries to the:
  1. Chest
  2. Abdomen
  3. Appropriate first aid measures for treating injuries to the bone, muscle or joints
    1. Assessment
    2. Treatment
  4. Appropriate first aid measures for treating:
    1. Thermal burns
    2. Chemical burns
    3. Electrical burns
2. Peace officers must be able to provide basic first aid measures for a number of medical emergencies and conditions they may encounter
  1. Indicators of, and first aid measures for, a victim experiencing:
    1. Cardiac emergency
    2. Respiratory emergency
    3. Seizure
    4. Stroke
  2. Differentiate between indicators and first aid measures for treating:
    1. Insulin shock (hypoglycemia)
    2. Diabetic shock (hyperglycemia)
  3. Appropriate first aid measures for a victim experiencing signs of poisons that have been ingested, inhaled, absorbed or injected
    1. Assessment
    2. Treatment
  4. Differentiate between the indicators and first aid measures for treating:
    1. Hypothermia and frostbite
    2. Heat cramps, heat exhaustion and heat stroke
  5. Appropriate first aid measures for stings and bites
    1. Usual reactions
    2. Allergic reactions
    3. Treatments
3. Peace officers must have a basic understanding of first aid measures to assist before, during and after delivery in an emergency situation
  1. Signs of imminent birth
    1. Contractions that are occurring less than two minutes apart
(i) Five minutes if second or subsequent birth
1. The woman feels an urgent need to bear down
2. Crowning is present
3. Appropriate first aid measures for each of the following emergency situations that may occur in childbirth:
  1. Excessive vaginal bleeding
  2. Newborn fail to breathe
    1. Learning Domain #35 – Firearms/Chemical Agents (213-218)
4. Peace officers must know and practice all procedures for the safe handling of all firearms while on and off duty
  1. Four fundamental rules of firearms safety
    1. Treat all firearms as if they are loaded
    2. Always keep the firearms pointed in the safest possible direction
    3. Always keep fingers off the trigger until ready to fire the firearm
    4. Be sure of the target and what’s beyond it before firing the firearm
  2. Basic safety guidelines to be followed at a firing range
    1. When entering the firing range
    2. On the firing line
    3. When handguns are un-holstered
  3. Safety precautions for proper storage of firearms
    1. Keep all firearms inaccessible from children and other unauthorized persons
    2. Store ammunition separately from firearms
    3. Take all precautions against theft by storing firearms in a secure location, a locked container, with a locking device or disassembled
5. Peace officers must know the workings, the capabilities and limitations of firearms in order to operate them safely and effectively
  1. Basic information about a semiautomatic pistol and magazine, including:
    1. Primary components and their functions
    2. Steps for loading/unloading
    3. Steps for rendering the semiautomatic pistol safe
  2. Cycle of operation that takes place with each single pull of a semiautomatic pistol trigger
    1. Firing
    2. Unlocking
    3. Extracting
    4. Ejecting
    5. Cocking
    6. Feeding
    7. Chambering
    8. Locking
  3. Basic information about a revolver, including:
    1. Primary components and their functions
    2. Steps for loading/unloading
    3. Steps for rendering the revolver safe
  4. Basic information about shotguns, including:
    1. Advantages and limitations
    2. Primary components and their functions
    3. Steps for loading/ unloading
    4. Steps for rendering the shotgun safe
6. Peace officers must know the capabilities and limitations of the ammunition they use in their firearms to operate them safely and effectively
  1. Guidelines for the safe handling of ammunition
    1. Treat every round as though it were fully charged and capable of discharging
    2. Use only the type and caliber of ammunition specifically recommended by the firearm’s manufacturer
    3. Never fire at a threat you do not intend to hit
    4. Avoid dropping live rounds or hitting them with any object
    5. Learn the sound and feel of a good firing, and know what to do when a round misfires
    6. All ammunition should be replaced on a regular basis
    7. Never use ammunition where the pressure levels exceed industry standards for the firearm being used
  2. Primary components of firearm cartridges
    1. Primer
    2. Powder charge
    3. Bullet
    4. Cartridge case
  3. Chain of events that takes place when a projectile is discharged from a cartridge
    1. Primer detonated
    2. Powder ignited
    3. Bullet expelled
  4. Primary components of a shotgun shell
    1. Primer
    2. Powder charge
    3. Bullet
    4. Cartridge case
  5. Shot pattern as it relates to shotgun shells
    1. Shot travels down the barrel of the shotgun in a tight group. As the pellets exit the muzzle, they begin to spread apart forming what is referred to as a shot pattern. A shot pattern is the diameter of a circle in which the shot will fit
  6. Correlation to the distance traveled by the shoot and the size of the shot pattern
    1. The shot pattern will increase in size as the shot travels toward the threat. Test results indicate that the shot spread for No. 00 buckshot is approximately one inch for each yard of distance
  7. Three ways shot placement can stop a threat, to include:
    1. Central nervous system
(i) Any projectile that strikes the brain or spinal cord is capable of causing immediate incapacitation
1. Critical blood loss
(i)                   Blood loss from damaged organs and vessels can lead to a drop in blood pressure causing the person to lose consciousness

(ii)                 Highly dependent on bullet size and design

(iii)                Damage caused by tearing flesh or shearing muscle will result in blood loss

(iv)               Unless the heart, vena cava, or aorta are damaged, blood loss may be slow and will not incapacitate a person for some time
1. Psychologically
(i)                   During a confrontation, some people are not aware they have been shot

(ii)                 Others may overreact to minor wounds and collapse

(iii)                There is no true way to realistically assess a person’s reactions to being shot and officers cannot count on psychological impact to cause incapacitation
1. Correlation to the distance traveled by the shot and the size of the shot pattern
(i)                   Shot travels down the barrel of the shotgun in a tight group. As the pellets exit the muzzle, they begin to spread apart forming what is referred to as a shot pattern

(ii)                 Three ways shot placement can stop a threat, to include:

(a)                 Central nervous system

(b)                 Critical blood loss

(c)                 Psychological
1. Peace officers must know how to properly inspect, clean and care for their firearms to ensure that they function safely and effectively
  1. Components that may prevent problems that should be examined during a routine safety inspection
    1. Barrel
    2. Frame
    3. Sights
    4. Cylinder
    5. Cylinder release
    6. Firing pin
    7. Grip
    8. Magazine
  2. Materials, equipment and environment needed to properly clean firearms
    1. Solvent
    2. Lubricant
    3. Cleaning patches
    4. Personal protection materials
    5. Other materials
    6. Screwdriver(s)
    7. Bore brush
    8. Cylinder brush
    9. Cleaning brush
    10. Cleaning rod
    11. Patch holder or tip
    12. Small container
  3. Routine procedures for cleaning firearms
    1. Barrel assembly
    2. Slide assembly
    3. Recoil spring and guide assembly
    4. Frame assembly
2. Peace officers must comprehend and practice the fundamental skills of firing firearms to be effective in reactive and precision situations during live fire exercises
  1. Proper steps for drawing and holstering
    1. Drawing
    2. Holstering
  2. Elements to accurately shoot a firearm
    1. Grip
    2. Stance
    3. Breath control
    4. Sight alignment/sight picture
    5. Trigger control
    6. Follow-through
  3. Types of malfunctions and demonstrate the clearing methods for:
    1. Semiautomatic pistols
    2. Revolvers
    3. Shotguns
  4. Limitations officers may encounter when shooting under low light/nighttime conditions
    1. Night blindness
    2. Limited depth perception
    3. Limited target identification
    4. Flasher disorientation
    5. Personal limitations
  5. Conditions an officer may face when in a combat situation
    1. Rapid threat assessment
    2. Shoot/No Shoot decisions
    3. Multiple targets
    4. Moving targets
    5. Varying target distances
    6. Multiple shooting positions
    7. Movement
    8. Use of cover or concealment
  6. Possible physiological and psychological responses an officer may experience under the stress of a combat situation
    1. Physiological responses
    2. Psychological responses
    3. Other responses
  7. Steps officers can take to prepare themselves for the extreme stress of combat
    1. Mental preparation
    2. Physical conditioning
    3. Proper nutrition
    4. Equipment maintenance
    5. Confidence building
    6. Initial and on-going training
    7. Support groups
3. Peace officers must know the terminology, capabilities, exposure symptoms and decontamination procedures in order to safely and effectively handle and deploy chemical agents and gas masks
  1. Statutory requirements for the possession and use of chemical agents
    1. Penal Code 835a
    2. Penal Code 12403
    3. Situations for use of chemical agents
(i)                   Self-defense

(ii)                 Overcome resistance

(iii)                Effect an arrest

(iv)               Prevent escape

(v)                 Crowd or riot control

(vi)               Dangerous animals
1. Four methods used to deploy chemical agents
  1. Aerosol
  2. Fogging
  3. Pyrotechnics
  4. Blast expulsion
  5. Environmental and physical conditions that can impact the effectiveness of a chemical agent
    1. Wind
    2. Rain
    3. Temperature
    4. Distance
    5. Proximity of others
    6. Other factors for crowd control
  6. Guidelines for safely carrying, drawing and deploying hand-held canisters of chemical agents
    1. Carrying
    2. Deploying
  7. Decontamination procedures that should be followed after a chemical agent has been used
    1. What to use
    2. What not to use
    3. Affected area procedures
(i)                   Eyes

(ii)                 Skin

(iii)                Nose

(iv)               Chest
1. Physiological and psychological effects of each of he following chemical agents used by peace officer
  1. OC (oleoresin capsicum)
  2. CN (chloroacetophenone)
  3. CS (otho-chlorobenzylidene-molononitrile)
  4. Proper procedures peace officers should follow when using gas masks, to include:
    1. Inspection and proper fit
    2. Cleaning and storage of gas masks
      1. Learning Domain #36 – Information Systems (219-221)
2. Peace officers must know the laws regulating access and use of law enforcement information systems to ensure privacy of individuals, and the integrity and security of the information
  1. Requirements of the Department of Justice regarding the confirmation of information obtained from the CLETS network
    1. Make an effort to verify the information and match
    2. Ensure that confirmation occurred with the originating agency to verify the person or property is still wanted
    3. Obtain confirmation before an arrest or the confiscation of the property in response to the computer match
  2. Crimes involving unlawful access or use of a law enforcement computer system
    1. Furnishing CORI to an unauthorized person
    2. Lawfully receiving CORI and then furnishing the information to an unauthorized person
    3. Unauthorized purchase, receipt, or possession of CORI
  3. Requirements for authorized release of Criminal Offender Record Information (CORI) based on right-to-know and need-to-know
    1. Authorized by law to received the information (right-to-know)
    2. Compelling reason to request the information (need-to-know)
    3. Examples
  4. Crimes related to the unauthorized release, receipt or use of CORI, including:
    1. Furnishing the information to an unauthorized person
    2. Lawfully receiving the information and then furnishing it to an unauthorized person
    3. Purchase, receipt or possession of the information by an unauthorized person
3. Peace officers must know the requirements for access and entry into the appropriate Department of Justice information systems and databases available on the CLETS network to perform their duties, for their safety and the safety of others
  1. Systems and databases available from the Criminal Justice Information System (CJIS) and the types of information provided
    1. Persons
(i)                   Wanted Person System (WPS)

(ii)                 Criminal History System (CHS)

(iii)                Domestic Violence Restraining Order System (DVROS)

(iv)               Missing/Unidentified Persons System (MUPS)

(v)                 Supervised Release File (SRF)

(vi)               Violent Crimes Information Network/Sex and Arson Registration (VCIN/SAR)

(vii)              Mental Health Firearms Prohibition System (MHFPS)
1. Property
(i)                   Stolen Vehicles System (SVS)

(ii)                 Automated Boat System (ABS)

(iii)                Automated Property System (APS)

(iv)               Automated Firearms System (AFS)
1. Minimum information required for generating an inquiry into each of the CJIS systems and databases
  1. Minimum information required for inquiry:
(i)                   Wanted Person System (WPS)

(ii)                 Criminal History System (CHS)

(iii)                Domestic Violence Restraining Order System (DVROS)

(iv)               Missing/Unidentified Persons System (MUPS)

(v)                 Supervised Release File (SRF)

(vi)               Violent Crimes Information Network/Sex and Arson Registration (VCIN/SAR)

(vii)              Mental Health Firearms Prohibition System (MHFPS)

(viii)            Stolen Vehicles System (SVS)

(ix)               Automated Boat System (ABS)

(x)                 Automated Property System (APS)

(xi)               Automated Firearms System (AFS)
1. Peace officers must know the requirements for access and entry into the appropriate Department of Motor Vehicles information systems and databases available on the CLETS network to perform their duties, and to ensure their safety and the safety of others
  1. Systems and databases available from the Department of Motor Vehicles Information System and the types of information provide
    1. CLETS
    2. Driver’s license/identification card
    3. Vehicle/vessel registration
    4. Parking/toll violation information
    5. Occupational licensing
    6. International registration plan
  2. Minimum information required for generating an inquiry into each of the DMV databases
    1. Minimum information required for inquiry:
(i)                   Driver’s license/identification card

(ii)                 Vehicle/vessel registration

(iii)                Parking/toll violation information

(iv)               Occupational licensing

(v)                 International registration plan
1. Learning Domain #37 – People with Disabilities (222-225)
2. Peace officers must understand that there are laws protecting the rights of people with disabilities
  1. Intent of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
  2. Role of peace officers when interacting with a person with a disability
  3. State and local resources available to people with disabilities
    1. Several resource services are available to peace officers and individuals with mental illness, physical disabilities, and developmental disabilities
3. In order to make appropriate decisions regarding intervention strategies, peace officers must be able to recognize, based on behavioral cues and other indicators, people with developmental disabilities
  1. Intent of the Lanterman Developmental Disabilities Service Act (Welfare and Institutions Code Sections 4500 et.seq.)
  2. Define the term developmental disability
  3. General behavioral indicators associated with all developmental disabilities
    1. Confusion and disorientation
    2. Slow response to commands/directions/questions
    3. Slurred speech and/or other speech disorders
    4. Muscle control difficulty
    5. Seizure disorders
    6. Lethargy
    7. Self-endangering behavior
    8. inappropriate responses to a situation or
    9. Lack of awareness of dangerous situations
  4. Behavioral indicators specifically associated with the following developmental disabilities:
    1. Mental retardation
    2. Cerebral Palsy
    3. Autism
    4. Epilepsy
  5. Appropriate peace officer actions during field contacts with people with the following developmental disabilities:
    1. Mental retardation
    2. Cerebral Palsy
    3. Autism
    4. Epilepsy
4. In order to make appropriate decisions and serve those with physical disabilities, peace officers must be able to recognize indicators of people affected by physical disabilities
  1. Types of neurologically based disorders, including:
    1. Acquired
    2. Traumatic
  2. Types of mobility assistance equipment and devices
    1. Canes
    2. Walkers
    3. Crutches
    4. Braces
    5. Prosthesis
    6. Motorized scooters
    7. Wheelchairs
  3. Behavioral or other indicators that may lead an officer to identify a person as being:
    1. Blind or visually impairments
    2. Deaf or Hearing Impaired
  4. Appropriate peace officer actions during field contacts with people who are:
    1. Blind or visually impairments
    2. Deaf or Hearing Impaired
  5. Methods an officer can use to communicate with a person who is deaf or hearing impaired
    1. Written communication
    2. Lip reading
    3. Hearing Aids
    4. Sign language
    5. TTY/TDD
    6. Ca. Relay Service
  6. Additional laws that protect the rights of people with physical disabilities, including:
    1. Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Section 504
    2. Right of Way (Vehicle Code Section 21963)
    3. White Cane Law (Civil Code Section 54.4)
    4. Service Animals (Penal Code Section 365.5 et.seq)
  7. Peace officers must become familiar with the causes and nature of mental illness in order to determine if an individual is gravely disabled or dangerous
    1. Define the term mental illness
    2. Categories of mental illness
    3. Behavioral indicators that may be generally associated with people affected by mental illness
    4. Indicators officers may use to help determine if a person affected by mental illness is a danger to self or others
    5. Appropriate tactical actions when responding to a call involving a person with a mental illness
    6. Intent of the Lanterman-Petris-Short Act (Welfare and Institutions Code section 5150)
    7. Behavioral indicators that may lead an officer to believe a person may be a danger
    8. Differentiate between courses of action for peace officers when dealing with a person who appears to be affected by a mental illness
    9. Peace officer actions when a person affected by mental illness does not meet detention under the Welfare and Institutions Code section 5150
      1. Learning Domain #38 – Gang Awareness (226-228)
5. Peace officers must know the indicators of gang involvement in order to assess and respond to gang-related criminal activity
  1. Indicators of gang territory and communications
  2. Statutory requirements for designating criminal street gang
  3. Safety considerations for peace officers that come in contact with known or suspected members of criminal gang
  4. Indicators of gang territory communication, including:
    1. Graffiti
    2. Violent crime
    3. Active gang members
    4. Tattoos
    5. Neighborhoods
6. Peace officers must know the different types of criminal street gangs in order to effectively monitor and control criminal gang activity
  1. Identifying characteristics and crime trends associated with criminal street gangs
7. Peace officers need a basic understanding of outlaw motorcycle gangs and prison gangs in order to effectively monitor and control criminal gang activity
  1. Identifying characteristics and crime trends associated with organized crime gangs including:
    1. Motorcycle gangs
    2. Prison gangs
    3. Asian gangs
    4. Hispanic gangs
    5. Black gangs
      1. Learning Domain #39 – Crimes Against the Justice System (229-232)
8. Arrest and successful prosecution depends on the development of probable cause. Peace officers must know the elements required to arrest for crimes that obstruct law enforcement in their duties and to correctly categorize these crimes as misdemeanors or felonies.
  1. Crime elements required to arrest for:
    1. Intimidating witnesses or victims
    2. Threats of retaliation
    3. Violating a court order
  2. Crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
    1. Intimidating a witness is a felony
    2. Threats of retaliation is a felony
    3. Violating a court order can be either a misdemeanor or felony
(i) Felony if prior conviction within 7 years
1. Arrest and successful prosecution depends on the development of probable cause. Peace officers must know the elements required to arrest for crimes related to bribery or false information and to correctly categorize these crimes as misdemeanors or felonies.
  1. Crime elements required to arrest for:
    1. Resisting, delaying or obstructing a public officer, peace officer, or emergency medical technician
    2. Obstructing or resisting an executive officer by use of threats or force
    3. Threatening a public officer
    4. Disarming an officer
    5. Removing any weapon, other than a firearm from an officer
    6. Attempting to remove a firearm from a public officer
    7. Attempting to escape or escaping from the custody of a peace officer
    8. Attempting to escape or escaping from a prison or other place of confinement
    9. Attempting to escape or escaping from a county or city jail
    10. Attempting to rescue or rescuing
    11. Lynching
  2. Crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
    1. 148(a)(1) PC is a misdemeanor
    2. 69 PC is a felony
    3. Threatening a public officer is a felony
    4. Disarming an officer is a felony
    5. Attempting to remove firearm or ANY other weapon from a peace officer is a felony
    6. Escaping from a peace officer is a misdemeanor
    7. Escaping from place of confinement, county jail, etc. is a felony
    8. Lynching/rescuing is a felony
2. Arrest and successful prosecution depend on the development of probable cause. Peace officers must know the elements required to arrest for crimes related to bribery or false information and to correctly categorize these crimes as misdemeanors or felonies
  1. Providing a false identity to a peace officer
  2. Falsely personating another
  3. Falsely reporting a criminal offense
  4. Falsely reporting an emergency
  5. Falsely reporting a destructive device
  6. Recognize the crime elements required to arrest for:
    1. False identity is a misdemeanor
    2. Falsely personating another is a felony
    3. Falsely reporting a criminal offense is a misdemeanor, except when someone is injured while en route
3. Arrest and successful prosecution depend on the development of probable cause. Peace officers must know the elements required to arrest for crimes related to public disturbances and to correctly categorize these crimes as misdemeanors or felonies
  1. Recognize the crime elements required to arrest for:
    1. Unlawful assembly
    2. Refusal to disperse
      1. Learning Domain #40 – Weapons Violations (233-237)
4. Arrest and successful prosecution depend on the development of probable cause. Peace officers must know the elements required to arrest for crimes related to the possession of prohibited weapons and to correctly categorize these crimes as misdemeanors or felonies
  1. Crime elements required to arrest for:
    1. Possession of a prohibited weapon
    2. Possession of an illegal knife
    3. Unlawful possession of tear gas weapon or chemical agent
  2. Crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
    1. Possession of prohibited weapons under 12020 PC is a felony
    2. Possession of an illegal knife is a misdemeanor
    3. Unlawful possession of tear gas or a chemical agent is a misdemeanor
5. Arrest and successful prosecution depend on the development of probable cause. Peace officers must know the elements required to arrest for crimes related to possession of firearms by restricted persons or within restricted areas and to correctly categorize these crimes as misdemeanors or felonies
  1. Crime elements required to arrest for:
    1. Carrying a firearm in a public place or within a vehicle
    2. Possession of a deadly weapon with intent to assault another person
    3. Possession of a loaded firearm with intent to commit a felony
    4. Alteration or removal of identifying marks from a firearm
  2. Crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
    1. Carrying a firearm in a public place of vehicle is a misdemeanor
    2. Possession of a deadly weapon with intent to assault another is a felony
    3. Possession of loaded firearm w/intent to commit a felony is a felony
    4. Altering ID marks is a felony
6. Arrest and successful prosecution depend on the development of probable cause. Peace officers must know the elements required to arrest for crimes related to unlawful concealment of firearms and to correctly categorize these crimes as misdemeanors or felonies
  1. Statutory definition of a concealed firearm
    1. Any device designed to be used as a firearm with a barrel less than 16 inches in length, and capable of being concealed upon a person
  2. Exceptions of the license requirement for possession of a concealable firearm without a license
    1. Penal Code Section 12026 identifies specific conditions under which a person is exempt from the license requirement for the possession of a concealable firearm
    2. Penal Code 12027 identifies exempt persons
  3. Crime elements for possession of a concealable firearm without a license
    1. Penal Code 12025
  4. Crime classification for possession of a concealable firearm without a license
    1. Misdemeanor unless specified conditions met
    2. Specified conditions for felony
7. Arrest and successful prosecution depend on the development of probable cause. Peace officers must know the elements required to arrest for crimes related to possession of firearms by restricted persons or within restricted areas and to correctly categorize these crimes as misdemeanors or felonies
  1. Crime elements required to arrest for possession of:
    1. A firearm by a convicted felon, narcotic addict, or other restricted persons
    2. A firearm by a person convicted of a specified misdemeanor
    3. Unauthorized weapon in a prohibited location
  2. Crime classification as a misdemeanor or felony
    1. Unauthorized possession of weapons in the aforementioned sections is a felony
8. Arrest and successful prosecution depend on the development of probable cause. Peace officers must know the elements required to arrest for crimes related to the drawing, exhibiting, and unlawful use of weapons and to correctly categorize these crimes as misdemeanors or felonies
  1. Crime elements required to arrest for drawing, exhibiting or unlawful use of a(n):
    1. Deadly weapon (other than firearms)
    2. Firearms
    3. Firearm in presence of a motor vehicle occupant
    4. Imitation firearm
    5. Loaded firearms on the grounds of any daycare facility
    6. Firearm in presence of a peace officer
  2. Crime elements to arrest, and classification, for unlawful discharging of a firearm
    1. Any person who, except as otherwise authorized by law who willfully discharges a firearm in a grossly negligent manner which could result in injury or death to a person is guilty of a felony
      1. Learning Domain #41 – Hazardous Materials Awareness/Explosives (238-240)
9. Peace Officers need to know the risks presented by hazardous materials and their role in responding to hazardous materials incidents
  1. Hazardous materials incident/definition
    1. EPA definition
    2. DOT definition
    3. OSHA definition
  2. Specific challenges that are presented to incidents involving hazardous materials
    1. Difficulty in identifying the materials
    2. Potential long- and short-term health effects on humans and animals
    3. Environmental impact
    4. Public safety implications
    5. Multiple hazards (toxic, flammable, reactive, radioactive or corrosive hazards, physical hazards, etc.)
  3. Differentiate between the roles and responsibilities of a First Responder at the awareness level and operational level
    1. Awareness Level
    2. Operational level
  4. Primary pathways in which a hazardous material can enter the human body, including:
    1. Inhalation
    2. Absorption
    3. Ingestion
    4. Injection
  5. Precautions peace officers can take to protect themselves from contacting a hazardous material
    1. Effects of exposure
    2. Documentation
    3. Medical examinations
10. Peace officers must become familiar with the indicators and warning systems that identify specific dangers of hazardous materials in order to respond safely and effectively to hazardous materials incidents
  1. Outward indicators, visible upon approach that may indicate a hazardous materials incident
    1. National Fire Protection Association 704 (NFPA)
    2. Placards and labels
    3. Physical Indicators
    4. Witnesses or involved parties
    5. Container(s)
    6. Victim/Injuries
  2. Standardized sources of information of materials present at a hazardous incident, including:
    1. Emergency Response Guide (ERG)
    2. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
    3. Shipping paper
    4. Other documents
11. Peace officers must have a clear understanding of the need for safety, isolation, and notification when acting as First Responders at the scene of a hazardous materials incident
  1. Guidelines for safely approaching a hazardous materials incident
    1. Size and location of the incident
    2. Occupancy type (if the incident is in or near a building or buildings)
    3. Descriptions of vehicles involved
    4. Weather conditions, such as wind direction
    5. Victims
    6. Information or warning signs on containers (such as placards, labels, identification numbers, manufacturers and chemical names)
    7. Where to meet the reporting party
    8. Safe approach route
  2. Factors involved in safely assessing the scene of an incident
    1. Maintaining a safe distance from the hazard at all times
    2. Observing the incident from that safe distance, using binoculars if possible
    3. Giving the exact location and other available information when reporting the incident
  3. On-scene safety guidelines for First Responders
    1. Do not rush to assist. Under most circumstances, First Responders at the awareness level are not adequately trained or equipped to conduct victim rescues
    2. Be cautious, and treat materials as hazardous until identified and verified as non-hazardous
    3. Approach incidents from uphill, upwind and upstream, if possible
    4. Maintain a safe distance at all times
    5. Never eat, drink or smoke in the incident area
    6. Do not inhale, touch or ingest released materials. (Do not assume vapors are harmless due to lack of smell or taste.)
    7. Eliminate all ignition sources, including flares, near the incident
    8. Continually reassess personal safety
    9. Keep communication continually updated
  4. Different methods for establishing a perimeter around a hazard area
    1. SIN (Safety, Isolation and Notification)
    2. Safe minimum distance
    3. Assessing the incident
    4. On-scene safety guidelines
    5. Agency policies
  5. Types of control zones at a hazardous materials incident, including:
    1. Exclusion zone
    2. Contamination zone
    3. Support zone
  6. Role of the Incident Command System at the scene of an incident
    1. The Incident Command System (ICS) is a statewide emergency management system that organizes the various response personnel into one functioning unit
    2. It integrates all the departments and agencies into one command system
    3. By state regulations, ICS is invoked at all hazardous materials incidents
  7. Information that should be communicated to dispatch from the scene of an incident
    1. Location of the incident
    2. Type of premises and/or vehicles involved
    3. Size and perimeter of the involved area
    4. Weather conditions
    5. Name of hazardous material involved, if known
    6. Information about placards, ID numbers, warning signs, etc.
    7. Safety entry and exit routes to and from the scene
  8. Safety procedures to be followed before leaving the scene
    1. Check with authorized personnel (specialists, technicians, etc.) regarding the need for personal/equipment decontamination
    2. Complete a personal exposure report
      1. Learning Domain #42 – Cultural Diversity/Discrimination (241-245)
12. Peace officers need to recognize and respect the complexities of cultural diversity to develop skills necessary for identifying and responding to California’s changing communities
  1. Define terms
    1. Cultural
(i) Cultural groups

(ii) Sub-cultural groups
1. Cultural diversity
(i)                   Ethnic groups

(ii)                 Racial groups

(iii)                Culture as social environment

(iv)               Ethnocentrism

(v)                 Law enforcement
1. Personal, professional and organizational benefits of valuing diversity within the community and law enforcement organizations
  1. Personal benefits
(i)                   Enhanced officer safety

(ii)                 Increased personal and ethical satisfaction

(iii)                Career survival
1. Professional benefits
(i)                   Improved quality of service provided

(ii)                 Enhanced community support and improved public trust

(iii)                Reduced tension between officers and specific cultural groups

(iv)               Increased access to and cooperation with members of the community

(v)                 Improved compliance with the letter and spirit of the law
1. Organization benefits
(i)                   Improved morale, effectiveness, and professionalism within the law enforcement organization

(ii)                 Positive impact on law enforcement’s image within the community

(iii)                Reduction in the number of complaints against officers

(iv)               Reduction in personal and agency exposure to claims and litigation
1. Historical and current cultural composition of California
  1. California’s past
  2. California’s present
2. Peace officers need to become aware of stereotyping that could lead to prejudicial viewpoints and unlawful acts of discrimination
  1. Dangers of relying on stereotypes to form judgments or to determine actions
    1. Characteristics of the group are accurate
    2. All members of a group share the same characteristics
    3. Individual perceptions
    4. Preexisting tensions among groups
    5. Human tendencies
  2. Dangers of relying on stereotypes to form judgments or to determine actions
    1. Dangerous Assumptions
  3. Define the term prejudice
    1. Definition
    2. Examples
    3. Possible origins
    4. Subconscious prejudice
    5. Group prejudice
    6. Prejudice and law enforcement
  4. Define the term discrimination
    1. Definition
    2. Examples
    3. Possible origins
    4. Human rights
    5. Human rights in the United States
  5. Define the term racial profiling including the:
    1. Conceptual definition
    2. Legal definition
  6. Legal considerations peace officers should take into account related to racial profiling
    1. California Penal Code section 13519.4
    2. Fourth Amendment
    3. Fourteenth Amendment
    4. Current case law
    5. Criminal profiling vs. racial profiling
  7. Impact of racial profiling
    1. Individual Citizens
    2. Community
    3. Officer
    4. Criminal justice system
  8. Landmark events in the evolution of civil and human rights
    1. Initial drafting of the United States Constitution
    2. Displacement of Native American Indians
    3. Mexican/American War
    4. Civil War
    5. Women’s Suffrage
    6. Internment of American citizens of Japanese descent
    7. Federal and state Civil Rights legislation
    8. Americans With Disabilities Act
    9. Legislation regarding sexual orientation
  9. Key indices peace officers should recognize and respect that make up evolving culture among a community
  10. Obligations of peace officers in preventing, reporting and responding to discriminatory or biased practices by fellow officers
    1. Ethical considerations and obligations
    2. Leadership
    3. Continual evolution
3. Peace officers must recognize that one of the most reliable strategies for successful contacts with individuals from differing cultural, racial, or ethnic backgrounds is to treat all individuals and groups with dignity and respect
  1. Strategies for effective communication within a diverse community
    1. Verbal communication
    2. Active listening
    3. Nonverbal communication
  2. Positive officer behaviors during contacts with members of a cross-cultural community
    1. Demeanor, respectful attitude
    2. Treatment of members of the community (i.e., fair, impartial)
    3. Moral and ethical standards
    4. Judgment
    5. Use of force
    6. Empathy as a trait of a leader
4. Peace Officer’s need to have a lawful basis for recognizing criminal acts as hate crimes and understanding the impact of such crimes on victims and communities
  1. Legal definition of a hate crime based on the Penal Code
    1. Penal Code Section 13519.6 (a)
  2. Classify the crime and the elements required to arrest for desecrating religious symbols
    1. Interfering with religious freedom
    2. Terrorizing another
    3. Interfering with an individual’s civil rights
  3. Legal rights and remedies available to victims of hate crimes based on federal law and civil code
    1. Federal Codes
(i)                   18 USC Section 241

(ii)                 18 USC Section 245

(iii)                18 USC Section 242

(iv)               42 USC Section 3631

(v)                 42 USC Sections 1981 and 1982

(vi)               42 USC Section 1985(3)

(vii)              42 USC Section 3617
1. Civil codes
(i) 51.7

(ii) 52.1
1. Impact of hate crimes on victims, the victim’s families and the community
  1. Direct victims
  2. Indirect victims
  3. Reactions to hate crimes
  4. Effects on community
  5. Peace officer reactions
  6. Indicators of hate crimes
    1. Target(s) of criminal act
    2. Acts of vandalism
    3. Presence of graffiti
    4. Threatening telephone calls
  7. Considerations when investigating and documenting incidents involving possible hate crimes
    1. Victim
    2. Witness
    3. Suspect
    4. Documentation
2. Peace officers need to have an understanding of what constitutes sexual harassment, how to respond to sexual harassment in the workplace and the legal remedies available through the sexual harassment complaint process
  1. State the legal definition of sexual harassment
    1. Definition
    2. Is unwelcome,
    3. Is personally offensive, and
    4. Creates an intimidating, hostile or offensive work environment
    5. Examples
  2. Federal and state laws dealing with sexual harassment to include:
    1. Title VII
    2. Government Code Section 12940 et. Seq.
    3. Concept of Quid Pro Quo
    4. Concept of hostile work environment
    5. Current case law
  3. Legal remedies available to a victim of sexual harassment
    1. Complaints filed under federal civil rights law are filed with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)
    2. Federal laws
    3. Civil liabilities
  4. Behaviors that constitute sexual harassment, including:
    1. Verbal
    2. Physical
    3. Visual
    4. Written material
    5. Sexual favors
    6. Threats
    7. Hostile work environment
    8. Force
  5. Mandated sexual harassment complaint process guidelines
    1. Penal Code Section 13519.7
  6. Protections that exist to prevent retaliation against anyone submitting a sexual harassment complaint
    1. Government Code Section 12950
  7. Methods for responding to sexually offensive or unwanted behavior
    1. Inform harasser that the conduct is unwelcome and should cease
    2. Contact a supervisor, manager, department head or equivalent
    3. Report the harassment to an external entity
      1. Learning Domain #43 – Emergency Management (246-253)
3. Peace officers must become familiar with what terrorist threats are: the definitions, tactics, groups and potential targets
  1. Terrorism defined
    1. Law enforcement uses three definitions of terrorism, they are found in USC title 22, Section 2656(d), the U.S. Department of Justice and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Law enforcement generally uses the definition provided by the FBI
  2. Typical terrorist methods, motivations and tactics
    1. All terrorists use methods to accomplish goals, some methods are specific t the terrorist group
    2. Each terrorist act has some motivation attached to the act and those motivations can vary depending on the terrorist group’s goals
    3. Tactics can vary and they are generally specific to the terrorist group
    4. International Terrorists have a preference for high profile bombings while some domestic groups use arson or sniper attacks
  3. Basic overview of domestic terrorist groups
    1. Domestic Terrorists are defined by their political or personal views
    2. They can include religious, hate groups, and separatist movements
  4. Basic overview of international terrorist groups
    1. International terrorists groups can be state sponsored or formalized groups such as Al Queda or Hezbollah
    2. International groups almost all have purely political motivations for their acts and they use tactics that create mass destruction and large casualty counts
  5. Basic overview of special interest terrorist groups
    1. Special Interest Terrorist groups have interest in changing or bringing public attention to their cause through acts of terrorism
    2. Examples of special interest groups are:
(i)                   abortion groups

(ii)                 religious

(iii)                environmental organizations
1. Peace officers must become familiar with and understand anti-terrorism concepts
  1. Department of Homeland Security threat levels
    1. Severe
    2. High
    3. Elevated
    4. Guarded
    5. Low
  2. Counter terrorism/indicators:
    1. Group membership
    2. Recruitment
    3. Fundraising
    4. Weapon selection
    5. Target selection
    6. Reconnaissance activities
    7. Terrorist egress
    8. Movement of weapons
  3. Law enforcement prevention/deterrence actions
    1. Adopting a new mindset
    2. Changing the patrol mindset
    3. Recognizing suspicious activity
    4. Reporting suspicious activity
  4. Public safety information sharing resources
    1. Terrorism Liaison Officer
    2. Terrorism Early Warning
    3. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)-Federal
    4. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)-Federal
    5. Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF)-Federal
    6. California Department of Homeland Security-State
    7. Local Police and Sheriff Homeland Security
  5. Anti-Terrorism Scenarios
2. Peace officers must understand what threat and vulnerability assessment is and the rationale associated with threat assessment
  1. Concept of threat and vulnerability assessment
  2. Identification of local critical infrastructures
  3. Threat assessment rational
3. Peace officers must have a comprehensive understanding of the intelligence resources available to them
  1. Overview of the California intelligence system resources
    1. The overview of the California Intelligence System covers:
(i)                   the definitions for information,

(ii)                 intelligence,

(iii)                open source information

(iv)               classified information
1. Other intelligence resources
  1. Joint Terrorism Task Force (JTTF) are located in Fresno, Riverside, Los Angeles, Sacramento, Orange, Sand Diego, Redding, and San Francisco.
  2. State Terrorism Threat Assessment Center (STTAC)
  3. California State Warning Center (CSWC)
2. Peace officers must develop and understand response strategies and personal safety
  1. Phases of a WMD incident
    1. Prevention and Deterrence Phase
    2. Notification Phase
    3. Response Phase
    4. Restoration Phase
    5. Recovery Phase
  2. Categories of basic on-scene actions
    1. Recognize
    2. Avoid
    3. Isolate
    4. Notify
  3. Incident priorities (Life versus property/evidence/environment)
    1. Life Safety (the public and the First Responder community)
    2. Incident Stabilization (e.g., preventing the situation from getting worse by whatever means possible)
    3. Property and Environmental Protection
  4. Personal Protection Equipment (PPE)-types, decontamination principles, mass casualties
    1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for responding to a WMD incident falls into four basic categories:
(i)                   Level D

(ii)                 Level C

(iii)                Level B

(iv)               Level A
1. Decontamination is the process of removing gross contaminants from a person, object, or area by either destroying, making harmless, neutralizing, or removing the hazard
2. Response strategies and decontamination issues
  1. It is essential that the First Responder provide as clear a picture as possible to dispatch and other responding personnel so that appropriate resources can be called upon to assist in a WMD incident
  2. Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)
    1. Bomb
    2. Grenade
    3. Rocket having propellant charge greater than 4oz
    4. Missile having explosive/incendiary charge of greater than ¾ oz
    5. Mines
    6. Devices similar to any of the devices described in the preceding clauses
  3. Routes of exposure
    1. Inhalation
    2. Ingestion
    3. Absorption
    4. Injection
  4. RAIN concept:
    1. Recognize
    2. Avoid
    3. Isolate
    4. Notify
  5. Biological WMD agents
    1. Disease-causing organisms
    2. Toxins produced by living organisms
  6. Nuclear/radiological WMD agents
    1. Alpha
    2. Beta
    3. Gamma
    4. Neutron Radiation
  7. Incendiary devices
    1. Chemical activation
    2. Electronic activation
    3. Mechanical activation
  8. Chemical WMD/toxic industrial chemicals
    1. Incapacitating agents
(i)                   CS

(ii)                 CN

(iii)                CR

(iv)               OC
1. Toxic agent
(i)                   Nerve agents

(ii)                 Blister agents

(iii)                Chocking agents

(iv)               Blood agents
1. Explosive/improvised explosive devices
  1. Vehicle Bombs
  2. Pipe Bombs
  3. Satchel Charge
  4. Suicide Bombers
  5. WMD job aids (e.g., Emergency Response Guide (ERG) and WMD response guides)
    1. The LSU guidebook enumerates the types of indicators that would be associated with a specific type of WMD attack,
    2. along with the routes of possible exposure connected with such a weapon
    3. It further relates what type of immediate on-scene actions should be taken by First Responders (e.g., isolation distances and personal protective clothing)
2. Peace officers must understand the Incident Command System (ICS) and its component parts
  1. Command element
    1. Assumes overall responsibility and command for an incident
  2. Operations element
    1. Has overall functional responsibility for the incident
  3. Planning and Intelligence element
    1. Has the overall responsibility for incident planning over operational periods
  4. Logistics element
    1. Provides equipment needed, etc. for an incident
  5. Finance element
    1. Monitors overall costs of an incident
  6. Agency roles and responsibilities associated with responding to a major incident
  7. History of the Incident Command System (ICS)
    1. ICS was developed in California in the late 1970’s as a result of huge wild land fires in Southern California, which burned out of control for weeks and destroyed thousands of acres of land and property
    2. FIRESCOPE was created to devise ways to implement command systems, which would accommodate multi-jurisdictional agencies when responding to an emergency event
  8. Primary features of ICS
    1. ICS has primary features that consist of common terminology
    2. Modular organization
    3. Integrated communications
    4. Unity of a command
    5. Consolidated action plans.
    6. ICS allows for a manageable span of control and the ability to comprehensively manage resources
  9. Components of the State of California Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS)
    1. Incident Command System (ICS)
    2. Operational area concept
    3. Planning and Intelligence
    4. Logistics
    5. Finance
3. Peace officers must understand the concepts and components for the State of California Standardized Emergency Management System
  1. Incident Command System
    1. Common command structure to all public agencies in California. Incorporated into SEMS
  2. Operational Area Concept
    1. Control over a specified area of operation
  3. Mutual Aid
    1. Cooperation and response among public and private agencies
  4. Multi Agency Coordination
    1. Public and private agencies providing a coordinated response based on operational plans
4. Peace officers must understand the component parts of the National Incident Management System
  1. Components of the National Incident Management System (NIMS)
    1. Command and management
    2. Preparedness
    3. Resource management
    4. Communications and information management
    5. Supporting technologies
    6. Ongoing management and maintenance
  2. This is the system used to manage incidents of National significant. It was created by Presidential Directives 5 and 8
METHODS OF INSTRUCTION--Course instructional methods may include but are not limited to
1. Other Methods:
  Role Playing Exercises
  Group Discussions
  Instructor Facilitated Group Research
  Power Point Presentations
  Video Scenario Presentations
OUT OF CLASS ASSIGNMENTS: Out of class assignments may include but are not limited to

1. Reading
METHODS OF EVALUATION: Assessment of student performance may include but is not limited to

See attached file: Assessments
TEXTS, READINGS, AND MATERIALS: Instructional materials may include but are not limited to

Textbooks

Manuals

Peace Officer Standards and Training. (2010-07-01 00:00:00.0) Learning Domain Manuals 1-43, State of California Publishing Office

Periodicals

(07/02/05) California Penal Code, , , (07/02/05) California Vehicle Code, , ,

Software

Other
METHOD OF DELIVERY:

Face to face;
MINIMUM QUALIFICATIONS:

Administration of Justice;
APPROVALS:

Origination Date

09/10/2010

Last Outline Revision

10/08/2010

Curriculum Committee Approval

10/08/2010

Board of Trustees

11/04/2010

State Approval

11/15/2010

UC Approval

CSU Approval

30 = Spring 2011

IGETC Approval

CSU GE Approval

Data Element Changes
Data Justification
Course Element Changes
Course Change Justification
Course ID (CB00)
CCC000451712
TOP Code (CB03)
2105.50 - Police Academy*;
Course Credit Status (CB04)
D - Credit - Degree Applicable;
Course Transfer Status (CB05)
B = Transferable to CSU only
Course Units of Credit Maximum High (CB06):
20
Course Units of Credit Minimum Low (CB07):
20
Course Basic Skills (BS) Status (CB08):
N = Course is not a basic skills course.
SAM Code (CB09):
B = Advance Occupational;
Cooperative Education Course Status (CB10):
Not part of Coop Work Exp;
Course Classification Code (CB11):
Career-Technical Education;
Course Special Status (CB13):
N - Not Special;
CAN Code (CB14):
CAN-Code Seq (CB15):
YYYYYYYY = Not qualified for CAN code;
Course Prior to College Level (CB21):
Not Applicable;
Course Non-Credit Category (CB22):
Not Applicable, Credit Course;
Funding Agency Category (CB23):
Course Program Status (CB24):
2 - Stand-alone;

KERN COMMUNITY COLLEGE DISTRICT – CERRO COSO COLLEGE

ADMJ C145 COURSE OUTLINE OF RECORD

GRADING METHOD

INSTRUCTIONAL METHODS / UNITS & HOURS:

REPEATABILITY

PROGRAM APPLICABILITY

GENERAL EDUCATION APPLICABILITY

STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES—Upon completion of the course, the student will be able to

REQUISITES

DETAILED TOPICAL OUTLINE:

B. Peace officers must know the nuances of the written law to correctly interpret the law

C. To enforce the law, peace officers must know what constitutes a crime and the information required to establish that a crime has occurred

D. To arrest a subject, peace officers must determine what type of crime has been committed, who was involved in the commission of the crime, and who cannot be criminally liable

1. Circumstances which may cause evidence to be excluded

A. Peace officer’s role in ensuring the admissibility of evidence

C. For peace officer’s testimony to be given serious consideration by the court, it is essential that officers present themselves as professional, credible and convincing witnesses

XVII. Learning Domain #18- Investigative Report Writing (126-130)

3. Common offensive intervention tactics

4. Tactical considerations when disarming a subject

METHODS OF INSTRUCTION--Course instructional methods may include but are not limited to

OUT OF CLASS ASSIGNMENTS: Out of class assignments may include but are not limited to

METHODS OF EVALUATION: Assessment of student performance may include but is not limited to

TEXTS, READINGS, AND MATERIALS: Instructional materials may include but are not limited to

APPROVALS: